Phormia regina

Species of fly

Phormia regina, commonly known as the black blow fly, is a species of fly in the family Calliphoridae. It is of significant importance in the field of forensic entomology due to its role in the decomposition of animal remains.

Description

Phormia regina is characterized by its metallic blue-green body and distinctive black thorax. The adult flies are approximately 6 to 9 mm in length. The larvae, or maggots, are creamy white and can grow up to 12 mm long. The species is often confused with other blow flies, but can be distinguished by its unique coloration and size.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Phormia regina consists of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The female lays eggs on decaying organic matter, which hatch into larvae within 24 hours. The larval stage lasts about 3 to 10 days, depending on environmental conditions. After feeding, the larvae enter the pupal stage, which lasts approximately 6 to 14 days. The entire life cycle can be completed in as little as two weeks under optimal conditions.

Habitat and Distribution

Phormia regina is widely distributed across North America, particularly in temperate regions. It is commonly found in rural and urban environments, where it plays a crucial role in the decomposition of carrion. The species is also present in other parts of the world, including Europe and Asia.

Role in Forensic Entomology

File:Phormia regina larvae.jpg

Larvae of Phormia regina

Phormia regina is frequently used in forensic investigations to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI) of deceased individuals. The presence and developmental stage of the larvae on a corpse can provide valuable information about the time of death. Forensic entomologists analyze the life cycle of the fly in relation to environmental conditions to make accurate estimations.

Medical and Veterinary Importance

In addition to its forensic applications, Phormia regina is of medical and veterinary importance. The larvae are known to cause myiasis, a condition where fly larvae infest and feed on the living tissue of animals and humans. This can lead to significant health issues if not treated promptly.

Control and Management

Controlling Phormia regina populations involves proper sanitation and waste management to reduce breeding sites. Insecticides may be used in severe infestations, but non-chemical methods are preferred to minimize environmental impact.

Related pages

• Forensic entomology
• Calliphoridae
• Myiasis