Ester

Ester is a chemical compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group. In other words, esters are the most common form of carboxylic acid derivatives. They are characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group adjacent to an ether group.

Chemical Structure

Esters are characterized by the presence of a carbonyl adjacent to ether. The general formula of an ester is R-COO-R', where R and R' are any organic groups. The larger R and R' groups are, the more complex the ester.

Formation

Esters are formed by condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. This reaction is known as esterification. The reaction is catalyzed by acid, usually concentrated sulphuric acid. The reaction produces an ester and water.

Uses

Esters have a wide range of uses from the manufacturing of synthetic flavors and fragrances to biofuel production. They are also used in the production of polymers and plasticizers.

See Also

• Carboxylic Acid
• Alcohol
• Esterification
• Polymer
• Plasticizer

References

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