Osmium tetroxide

Osmium tetroxide (also known as osmium(VIII) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula OsO₄. The compound is noteworthy for its many uses, despite the rarity of osmium. It also has a number of interesting properties, some of which have important implications for its safety and handling.

Properties

Osmium tetroxide is a volatile, crystalline solid that sublimes at room temperature. It has a strong, unpleasant smell. The compound is highly toxic and can cause severe burns. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent.

Preparation

Osmium tetroxide can be formed by the direct combination of osmium and oxygen. It can also be produced by the oxidation of osmium with nitric acid or by the action of hot concentrated sulfuric acid on an osmium salt.

Uses

Osmium tetroxide has many uses. It is used in microscopy as a stain for lipids and in organic synthesis as an oxidizing agent. It is also used in the preparation of other osmium compounds.

Safety

Due to its high toxicity and volatility, osmium tetroxide should be handled with care. It can cause severe burns and eye damage, and may be fatal if inhaled. Appropriate safety measures should be taken when handling this compound.

See also

• Osmium
• Oxidizing agent
• Microscopy
• Organic synthesis

References

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  Osmium tetroxide structure
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  Dihydroxylation with OsO4
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  Lemieux–Johnson oxidation
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  Crystal structure of osmium tetroxide
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  Isosteviol reaction with OsO4
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  Resin-embedded transmission electron microscope sample
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  Label for ampoules of OsO4