Nasopharyngeal airway

Nasopharyngeal airway is a type of airway adjunct, a tube that is designed to be inserted into the nasal passageway to secure an open airway. When a patient becomes unconscious, the muscles in the jaw commonly relax and can allow the tongue to slide back and obstruct the airway. The purpose of a nasopharyngeal airway is to secure the airway open, to ensure that air can pass freely to the lungs.

Indications

The nasopharyngeal airway is used in situations where the oropharyngeal airway would be inappropriate, such as when the patient is semi-conscious or is making respiratory effort. It is also used when the mouth is not available for intubation, such as in case of facial trauma.

Contraindications

The nasopharyngeal airway is contraindicated in patients with severe head injury with a suspected base of skull fracture, as it may potentially pass into the cranial cavity.

Procedure

The correct size nasopharyngeal airway is chosen by measuring the device on the patient: the device should reach from the patient's nostril to the earlobe or the angle of the jaw. The outside of the tube is lubricated with a water-based lubricant so that it enters the nose more easily.

Complications

Possible complications include nosebleeds, infection, and trauma to the nasal passageway. There may also be discomfort or pain, especially if the device is used for more than a few hours.

See also

• Oropharyngeal airway
• Endotracheal tube
• Tracheostomy

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  U.S. Army Spc. Joseph McMaster receives a nasopharyngeal airway tube

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  U.S. Army Spc. Joseph McMaster receives a nasopharyngeal airway tube