Edinger–Westphal nucleus

Edinger–Westphal nucleus is a group of neurons located in the midbrain. It is named after two German neurologists, Ludwig Edinger and Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal.

Etymology

The Edinger–Westphal nucleus is named after Ludwig Edinger, a German neurologist who made significant contributions to the field of neuroanatomy, and Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal, another German neurologist who is known for his work on various neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Structure

The Edinger–Westphal nucleus is located in the midbrain, specifically in the superior colliculus. It is part of the oculomotor nerve, which is responsible for controlling the movement of the eye. The nucleus is made up of a group of neurons that are involved in the control of the pupil and lens of the eye.

Function

The primary function of the Edinger–Westphal nucleus is to control the constriction of the pupil and the shape of the lens. This is achieved through the release of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which acts on the muscles of the eye to cause these changes.

Clinical significance

Damage to the Edinger–Westphal nucleus can result in a number of eye-related problems, including ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), diplopia (double vision), and anisocoria (unequal size of the pupils). It can also result in Adie's pupil, a condition characterized by a dilated pupil that reacts slowly to light.

See also

• Midbrain
• Oculomotor nerve
• Neuron

References

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  Edinger–Westphal nucleus
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  Diagram of the brain showing the cranial nerves
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  Section of the mid-brain at the level of the superior colliculi
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  Section of the mid-brain at the level of the inferior colliculi
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  Section of the mid-brain at the level of the pons