Propylene

Propylene, also known as propene, is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. It is one of the basic components in the petrochemical industry. Propylene is used in the production of a wide variety of materials, including polypropylene, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, and oxo-alcohols.

Production

Propylene is produced from fossil fuels—petroleum, natural gas, and, to a lesser extent, coal. Propylene is a byproduct of oil refining and natural gas processing. During oil refining, ethylene is produced in the cracking process, where propylene is a byproduct. In a similar manner, propylene is produced in the steam cracking of natural gas liquids.

Uses

Propylene is used in the production of polypropylene, a versatile polymer used in packaging, textiles, and other applications. It is also used in the production of acrylonitrile, which is used in the manufacture of acrylic fibers, synthetic rubber, and plastics. Propylene oxide is another product derived from propylene, which is used in the production of polyurethanes and glycols. Oxo-alcohols, another derivative of propylene, are used in the production of plasticizers, detergents, and adhesives.

Health and Safety

Exposure to propylene can cause irritation to the eyes and respiratory tract. It can also cause dizziness, nausea, and unconsciousness in high concentrations. Propylene is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.

See Also

• Ethylene
• Polypropylene
• Acrylonitrile
• Propylene oxide
• Oxo-alcohols

References

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  Diagram of the cumene process
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  Polypropylene structure
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  Zentiva pharmaceutical company in Prague