Steroidal antiandrogen

Overview

Chemical structure of Cyproterone acetate

Steroidal antiandrogens are a class of medications that act as androgen receptor antagonists. They are used primarily in the treatment of conditions related to androgen excess, such as prostate cancer, hirsutism, and acne. Unlike non-steroidal antiandrogens, steroidal antiandrogens are structurally related to steroids and often have additional hormonal activities.

Mechanism of Action

Steroidal antiandrogens work by binding to the androgen receptor, thereby preventing testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from exerting their effects. This blockade reduces the stimulation of androgen-dependent tissues, which is beneficial in conditions like prostate cancer where androgens promote tumor growth.

Clinical Uses

Steroidal antiandrogens are used in various clinical settings:

• Prostate Cancer: They are used to reduce androgenic stimulation of prostate cancer cells, slowing the progression of the disease.
• Hirsutism and Acne: By reducing androgenic activity, these medications can help manage excessive hair growth and acne in women.
• Transgender Hormone Therapy: They are sometimes used in transgender women to reduce masculinizing effects.

Examples

One of the most well-known steroidal antiandrogens is Cyproterone acetate. It is used in the treatment of prostate cancer, severe acne, and hirsutism. Cyproterone acetate also has progestogenic activity, which can contribute to its therapeutic effects.

Side Effects

The use of steroidal antiandrogens can lead to several side effects due to their hormonal activities. Common side effects include:

• Gynecomastia
• Liver dysfunction
• Fatigue
• Weight gain

Related Pages

• Androgen receptor
• Prostate cancer
• Cyproterone acetate
• Hirsutism
• Acne