Adermatoglyphia

A rare genetic disorder affecting fingerprints

Adermatoglyphia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the absence of dermatoglyphics, which are the ridges on the skin of the fingers, palms, toes, and soles. This condition is often referred to as "immigration delay disease" due to the difficulties individuals face when fingerprint identification is required.

Genetics

Adermatoglyphia is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that only one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. The condition is associated with mutations in the SMARCAD1 gene, which plays a role in the development of skin ridges.

Diagram showing autosomal dominant inheritance.

Clinical Features

Individuals with adermatoglyphia typically have:

• Absence of fingerprints
• Normal palm and sole skin texture
• No associated abnormalities in sweat gland function

The lack of fingerprints is the primary feature, and there are usually no other health issues associated with the condition.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of adermatoglyphia is primarily based on the clinical observation of absent fingerprints. Genetic testing can confirm the presence of mutations in the SMARCAD1 gene.

Management

There is no treatment required for adermatoglyphia, as it does not affect health or lifespan. Management focuses on addressing the social and legal challenges related to the absence of fingerprints, such as difficulties with identification and travel.

Epidemiology

Adermatoglyphia is extremely rare, with only a few families worldwide reported to have the condition. It is often identified during routine fingerprinting for legal or immigration purposes.

Related pages

• Dermatoglyphics
• Genetic disorder
• Fingerprint
• Autosomal dominant

Gallery

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  Diagram showing autosomal dominant inheritance.