Araucanian herring
Chemical compound used historically in medicine
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Antimony potassium tartrate, also known as tartar emetic, is a chemical compound with the formula K_Sb_(C_H_O_)_. It is a coordination complex of antimony and potassium with tartaric acid. Historically, it was used in medicine as an emetic, a treatment for parasitic infections, and as a pesticide.
Chemical structure and properties
Antimony potassium tartrate is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water. The compound is a coordination complex where antimony is in the +3 oxidation state, coordinated to the tartrate anion. The structure of the compound can be described as a dimer, with two antimony atoms each coordinated to two tartrate ligands.
Historical medical use
Antimony potassium tartrate was widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries as a treatment for various ailments. It was commonly used as an emetic to induce vomiting in cases of poisoning. Additionally, it was employed in the treatment of schistosomiasis and other parasitic diseases. However, due to its toxicity and the development of safer alternatives, its use in medicine has declined.
Toxicity
The compound is known to be toxic, and ingestion can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Chronic exposure can result in more severe health effects, including damage to the liver and kidneys. Due to these risks, the use of antimony potassium tartrate in medicine has been largely discontinued.
Modern applications
While its use in medicine has decreased, antimony potassium tartrate is still used in some industrial applications. It is used as a mordant in dyeing and as a pesticide. Its role in these applications is primarily due to its ability to bind to proteins and other biological molecules.
Related pages
Gallery
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Structural formula of antimony potassium tartrate -
3D structure of the anion -
Historical image of tartar emetic -
3D structure (x-axis view) -
3D structure (y-axis view) -
3D structure (z-axis view)
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