Transversospinales

Transversospinales

The transversospinales are a group of muscles located in the deep layer of the back. These muscles are responsible for stabilizing the vertebral column and assisting in movements such as rotation and extension of the spine. The transversospinales group includes the semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores muscles.

Anatomy

The transversospinales muscles are situated between the transverse processes and spinous processes of the vertebrae. They are part of the intrinsic muscles of the back, which are innervated by the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves.

Semispinalis

The semispinalis is the most superficial of the transversospinales muscles. It is divided into three parts: the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and semispinalis thoracis. The semispinalis capitis is responsible for extending the head and neck, while the cervicis and thoracis parts assist in extending and rotating the vertebral column.

Multifidus

The multifidus is a series of small muscles that span the length of the vertebral column. It is most developed in the lumbar region. The multifidus plays a crucial role in stabilizing the vertebrae during movement and maintaining posture.

Rotatores

The rotatores are the deepest of the transversospinales muscles. They are small and span one to two vertebrae. The rotatores assist in the rotation of the vertebral column and also have a proprioceptive function, providing feedback on the position of the vertebrae.

Function

The primary function of the transversospinales muscles is to stabilize the vertebral column. They also assist in the extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the spine. These muscles are important for maintaining posture and allowing for complex movements of the back.

Clinical Significance

Injuries or dysfunction in the transversospinales muscles can lead to back pain and reduced mobility. Strengthening and conditioning these muscles are often part of rehabilitation programs for individuals with back issues.

Related Pages

• Erector spinae
• Spinal cord
• Vertebral column

References

• Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2013). Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Standring, S. (2015). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

File:Gray384.png

Diagram of the deep muscles of the back, including the transversospinales group.

File:Gray389.png

The muscles of the neck, including the semispinalis capitis.