Vaginectomy

Vaginectomy

Illustration of the female reproductive system

A vaginectomy is a surgical procedure involving the partial or complete removal of the vagina. It is typically performed as part of the treatment for vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, or as part of gender-affirming surgery for transgender men.

Indications

Vaginectomy is indicated in several medical conditions, including:

• Vaginal cancer: When cancerous cells are present in the vaginal tissue, a vaginectomy may be necessary to remove the affected area.
• Cervical cancer: In cases where cervical cancer has spread to the vagina, a vaginectomy may be performed in conjunction with other procedures such as a hysterectomy.
• Gender-affirming surgery: For transgender men, a vaginectomy may be part of the surgical transition process, often performed alongside phalloplasty or metoidioplasty.

Procedure

The procedure can vary depending on the extent of tissue removal required. A partial vaginectomy involves removing only a portion of the vaginal tissue, while a total vaginectomy involves the removal of the entire vagina. The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia.

Partial Vaginectomy

In a partial vaginectomy, only the diseased or affected portion of the vagina is excised. This approach is often used when the cancer is localized and has not spread extensively.

Total Vaginectomy

A total vaginectomy involves the complete removal of the vaginal canal. This procedure is more extensive and may be necessary in cases of widespread cancer or as part of gender-affirming surgery.

Recovery

Recovery from a vaginectomy can vary based on the extent of the surgery and the individual’s overall health. Patients may experience discomfort, swelling, and a temporary loss of sensation in the area. Post-operative care often includes pain management, wound care, and follow-up appointments to monitor healing and address any complications.

Complications

As with any surgical procedure, vaginectomy carries potential risks and complications, including:

• Infection: Post-surgical infections can occur, requiring antibiotics or further medical intervention.
• Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after the procedure may necessitate additional treatment.
• Scarring: Scar tissue formation can affect the function and appearance of the surgical site.
• Urinary complications: Changes in urinary function may occur, particularly if the surgery affects nearby structures.

Related pages

• Vaginal cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Gender-affirming surgery
• Phalloplasty
• Metoidioplasty