Dental sealant

Dental Sealant

A mandibular left first molar with dental sealant applied.

Dental sealants are a preventive dental treatment intended to protect teeth from cavities. They are thin, plastic coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth, primarily the molars and premolars, where decay occurs most often. The sealant quickly bonds into the depressions and grooves of the teeth, forming a protective shield over the enamel.

History

The concept of dental sealants was first introduced in the 1960s. Since then, they have become a standard preventive measure in dentistry, especially for children and teenagers who are at higher risk for cavities.

Application Process

The application of dental sealants is a simple and painless process. It involves the following steps:

1. Cleaning the Tooth Surface: The dentist or dental hygienist cleans the tooth surface to remove any plaque and debris. 2. Etching: An acidic solution is applied to the chewing surfaces of the teeth to roughen them up, which helps the sealant bond to the tooth. 3. Rinsing and Drying: The tooth is then rinsed and dried. 4. Application of Sealant: The sealant is painted onto the tooth enamel, where it bonds directly to the tooth and hardens. 5. Curing: A special curing light may be used to help the sealant harden.

Benefits

Dental sealants provide a protective barrier that prevents food particles and bacteria from getting into the grooves of the teeth, which are difficult to clean with a toothbrush. This significantly reduces the risk of developing cavities.

Effectiveness

Studies have shown that dental sealants can reduce the risk of decay in molars by nearly 80%. They are most effective when applied soon after the molars erupt, which is typically around age 6 for the first molars and age 12 for the second molars.

Materials Used

Various restorative materials used in dentistry, including those for sealants.

Dental sealants are made from different types of materials, including:

- Resin-based sealants: These are the most common and are made from a plastic resin that bonds to the tooth surface. - Glass ionomer sealants: These release fluoride, which can help protect the tooth from decay.

Maintenance and Longevity

Sealants can last several years before they need to be reapplied. Regular dental check-ups are important to ensure that the sealants are intact and functioning properly.

Considerations

While dental sealants are highly effective, they are not a substitute for good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing. They are part of a comprehensive preventive dental care plan.

Also see

• Dental caries
• Fluoride therapy
• Preventive dentistry
• Tooth enamel

References

• American Dental Association. "Sealants." ADA.org.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Dental Sealants." CDC.gov.