Zip

Zip refers to a device or mechanism used to bind the edges of an opening of fabric or other flexible material, such as on a garment or a bag. It is commonly used in clothing, luggage, and other bags, and is also known by other names such as zipper, zip fastener, or slide fastener.

History

The concept of a fastening device similar to the zip was first invented by Elias Howe in 1851, who received a patent for an "Automatic, Continuous Clothing Closure." However, Howe did not market his invention, leading to its obscurity. The device that became known as the zipper was later redesigned and popularized by Whitcomb L. Judson in 1893, who marketed it as a "Clasp Locker" for shoes. The modern zipper design was eventually perfected by Gideon Sundback in 1913, which significantly improved its functionality and led to widespread adoption in fashion and various industries.

Design and Function

A zip consists of two rows of teeth, often made of metal or plastic, which are interlocked by a slider operated by hand. When the slider moves along the rows of teeth, it either joins or separates them, effectively opening or closing the opening of the material. Zips can be designed to be closed at one end, separable, double-sided, or reversible, making them versatile for different applications.

Types of Zippers

• Coil Zippers - Made from a coil of nylon or polyester, these are flexible and commonly used in clothing.
• Metal Zippers - Made from metal and used for their durability and strength, often seen in jeans and heavy-duty items.
• Invisible Zippers - Designed to be hidden within a seam, commonly used in women's clothing and skirts.
• Plastic Molded Zippers - Made from plastic teeth molded onto the zipper tape; these are used in various applications, from fashion to camping equipment.

Applications

Zips are used in a variety of applications beyond clothing, including in bags, luggage, sporting goods, camping gear, and many other everyday items. The versatility and reliability of zips have made them an essential component in the fashion industry and beyond.

Cultural Impact

The zipper has had a significant impact on fashion and functionality of clothing and accessories. It has enabled the design of form-fitting garments, secure bags, and has even been incorporated into technology cases and protective gear. The ease of use and security provided by zips have made them a preferred choice over buttons and other types of closures.

Maintenance and Repair

Maintaining a zipper is crucial for its longevity. Keeping it clean from debris and occasionally lubricating the teeth with graphite or silicone can prevent jams and wear. If a zipper does break, it is often possible to repair it by replacing the slider or realigning the teeth.

See Also

• Button (clothing)
• Velcro
• Fastening

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