John C. Breckinridge

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19th-century American politician and lawyer

John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. He served as the 14th Vice President of the United States from 1857 to 1861 under President James Buchanan. Breckinridge was the youngest-ever vice president, inaugurated at the age of 36. He was a member of the Democratic Party and represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress.

Early Life and Education

Breckinridge was born in Lexington, Kentucky, to a prominent local family. He attended Centre College in Danville, Kentucky, and later studied law at Transylvania University. After completing his education, he was admitted to the bar and began practicing law in Lexington.

Political Career

Breckinridge's political career began in the Kentucky House of Representatives, where he served from 1849 to 1851. He was then elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving from 1851 to 1855. In 1856, he was elected Vice President of the United States on the Democratic ticket with James Buchanan.

Vice Presidency

As Vice President, Breckinridge presided over the Senate during a tumultuous period leading up to the American Civil War. He was known for his moderate views on slavery and his efforts to maintain the Union.

1860 Presidential Election

In the 1860 presidential election, Breckinridge was the candidate of the Southern Democrats. He finished second in the electoral vote but was defeated by Abraham Lincoln.

Civil War and Later Career

After the outbreak of the American Civil War, Breckinridge joined the Confederate States Army and was commissioned as a brigadier general. He served with distinction in several battles and was eventually promoted to the rank of general. In 1865, he was appointed as the Confederate Secretary of War by President Jefferson Davis.

Following the defeat of the Confederacy, Breckinridge fled to Cuba and later to Europe. He returned to the United States in 1869 after being granted amnesty. He resumed his law practice in Lexington and remained active in local politics until his death in 1875.

Death and Legacy

John C. Breckinridge died on May 17, 1875, in Lexington, Kentucky. He is remembered as a significant figure in American history, both for his role as Vice President and his service to the Confederacy during the Civil War.

Related Pages

• James Buchanan
• Abraham Lincoln
• Confederate States Army
• American Civil War
• Kentucky

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