Sepsis

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. Common signs and symptoms include fever, increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, and confusion. There may also be symptoms related to a specific infection, such as a cough with pneumonia, or painful urination with a kidney infection. In the very young, old, and people with a weakened immune system, there may be no symptoms of a specific infection and the body temperature may be low or normal, rather than high.

Causes

Sepsis is caused by an infection and can happen to anyone. However, it is most common and most dangerous in older adults or those with weakened immune systems. Early treatment of sepsis, usually with antibiotics and large amounts of intravenous fluids, improves chances for survival.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on specific criteria. Early goal directed therapy in the emergency department is the treatment of choice. Other treatments may include vasoactive drugs, surgery, or mechanical ventilation. Rates of disease have been increasing. Sepsis affects millions of people worldwide each year.

Treatment

Treatment involves the administration of appropriate antibiotics, support of organ function and, in severe cases, surgery. Despite advances in treatment, sepsis remains a cause for concern and is a significant cause of death in many intensive care units worldwide.

See also

• Septic shock
• Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
• Infection

References

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