Trichilemmoma

Trichilemmoma is a benign tumor that originates from the outer root sheath of a hair follicle. It is most commonly found on the skin of the face, particularly around the eyelids and nose. The tumor is usually solitary and small, but multiple trichilemmomas can occur, especially in individuals with Cowden syndrome.

Signs and Symptoms

Trichilemmomas are typically asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. They appear as small, firm, skin-colored or pink bumps on the skin. They are usually less than 1 cm in diameter, but can grow larger in some cases. The surface of the tumor may be smooth or slightly rough.

Causes

The exact cause of trichilemmomas is unknown. However, they are associated with certain genetic conditions, such as Cowden syndrome. This is a rare disorder characterized by multiple noncancerous, tumor-like growths called hamartomas and an increased risk of certain types of cancer.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of trichilemmoma is usually made by a dermatologist or a pathologist after a biopsy of the skin lesion. The biopsy sample is examined under a microscope to identify the characteristic features of a trichilemmoma.

Treatment

Treatment for a trichilemmoma is usually not necessary unless the tumor is causing discomfort or cosmetic concerns. If treatment is desired, the most common method is surgical removal of the tumor. Other treatment options include cryotherapy (freezing the tumor with liquid nitrogen) and laser therapy.

See Also

• Cowden syndrome
• Hair follicle
• Tumor

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