Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of depression. TMS is typically used when other depression treatments haven't been effective.

Overview

This treatment for depression involves delivering repetitive magnetic pulses, so it's called repetitive TMS or rTMS.

Procedure

You sit in a comfortable chair, with a magnetic coil placed against your scalp. The coil sends brief magnetic pulses to stimulate nerve cells in your brain that are involved in mood regulation and depression. It's thought to activate regions of the brain that have decreased activity in depression.

Though the biology of why rTMS works isn't completely understood, the stimulation appears to impact how this part of the brain is working, which in turn seems to ease depression symptoms and improve mood.

Uses

TMS is used to treat severe depression, especially if it hasn't improved with medications. In some cases, it's used along with medication and psychotherapy.

Risks

TMS is generally safe and well-tolerated. But it can cause side effects, including:

• Headache
• Scalp discomfort at the site of stimulation
• Tingling, spasms or twitching in facial muscles
• Lightheadedness

Results

Many people who undergo rTMS show improved mood and reduced depression symptoms. Some people may need follow-up sessions or other treatments.

See also

• Electroconvulsive therapy
• Deep brain stimulation
• Vagus nerve stimulation

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