Multiplication

Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in arithmetic, along with addition, subtraction, and division. It is the mathematical operation of scaling one number by another. It is one of the three basic elements of elementary arithmetic.

Definition

In arithmetic, multiplication is a binary operation that takes a pair of numbers, multiplies them together, and produces a product. The process of multiplication is based on the addition of numbers.

Properties

Multiplication has several important properties:

• Commutative: Changing the order of the numbers does not change the product.
• Associative: Grouping of numbers does not change the product.
• Distributive: The product of a number and a sum is equal to the sum of the individual products of the number and each addend.
• Identity: The product of any number and one is that number.
• Zero: The product of any number and zero is zero.

Multiplication in different number systems

Multiplication can be performed in various number systems, including:

• Natural numbers
• Integers
• Rational numbers
• Real numbers
• Complex numbers

See also

• Division
• Exponentiation
• Square
• Cube

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