Mitral regurgitation

Mitral regurgitation (MR), also known as mitral insufficiency, is a condition in which the mitral valve in the heart does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts. This can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations.

Causes

Mitral regurgitation can be caused by a variety of conditions, including mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, and myocardial infarction. It can also be a complication of cardiac surgery.

Symptoms

The symptoms of mitral regurgitation can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, chest pain, and edema (swelling) in the legs and ankles.

Diagnosis

Mitral regurgitation is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as echocardiography and cardiac MRI.

Treatment

The treatment for mitral regurgitation depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. It may include medication, surgery, or catheter procedures.

See also

• Mitral valve
• Heart valve disease
• Cardiac surgery

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