Irritant contact dermatitis

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a type of contact dermatitis that occurs when the skin comes into contact with a substance that causes damage to the skin's outer protective layer. It is the most common type of contact dermatitis, accounting for 80% of all cases.

Causes

ICD is caused by contact with irritants which can be chemical (such as solvents, detergents, or industrial chemicals), physical (such as dust or soil), or biological (such as plants or animals). The severity of the reaction can depend on the strength of the irritant, the duration of contact, and the individual's skin sensitivity.

Symptoms

Symptoms of ICD can vary from mild to severe and can include redness, itching, pain, and skin damage. In severe cases, the skin may become dry, cracked, and blistered. Symptoms usually appear within a few hours of contact with the irritant, but can sometimes take a few days to develop.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ICD is usually based on the appearance of the skin and a history of exposure to potential irritants. In some cases, patch testing may be used to help identify the irritant.

Treatment

Treatment for ICD involves avoiding the irritant, if possible, and treating the symptoms. This can include using moisturizers to help repair the skin barrier, topical steroids to reduce inflammation, and antihistamines to relieve itching.

Prevention

Prevention of ICD involves avoiding contact with known irritants, using protective clothing and equipment, and maintaining good skin care practices.

See also

• Allergic contact dermatitis
• Dermatitis
• Eczema
• Skin care

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