Infection prevention and control

Infection prevention and control is a scientific approach and practical solution designed to prevent harm caused by infection to patients and health workers. It is grounded in infectious diseases, epidemiology, social science and health system strengthening. Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a universal concern but is particularly pressing in developing countries where the burden of infection is high.

Definition

Infection prevention and control measures aim to ensure the protection of those who might be vulnerable to acquiring an infection both in the general community and while receiving care due to health problems, in a range of settings. The basic principle of infection prevention and control is hygiene.

Importance

Infection prevention and control demands a basic understanding of the epidemiology of diseases; risk factors that increase patient susceptibility to infection; and the practices, procedures and treatments that may result in infections.

Principles

The fundamental principle of infection prevention and control is cleanliness. Regular hand hygiene, in particular, is the single most important activity for reducing the spread of diseases. Other important components include the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), safe handling and disposal of sharps, and appropriate use of antimicrobials.

Strategies

Infection prevention and control strategies include isolating patients with infectious diseases, sterilizing instruments and surfaces, and administering antibiotics to patients at risk of developing infections.

Challenges

Challenges in infection prevention and control include lack of resources, lack of awareness, and lack of training. In addition, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a significant concern.

See also

• Epidemiology
• Hygiene
• Infectious diseases
• Antimicrobial resistance

References

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