Expanded Disability Status Scale

Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is a method of quantifying disability in Multiple Sclerosis and monitoring changes in the level of disability over time. It is widely used in clinical trials and in the assessment of people with MS.

Overview

The EDSS scale ranges from 0 to 10 in 0.5 unit increments that represent higher levels of disability. Scoring is based on an examination by a neurologist.

Scale

• 0.0 - Normal neurological exam (all neurological tests are passed successfully).
• 1.0 - No disability, minimal signs in one Functional System (FS).
• 1.5 - No disability, minimal signs in more than one FS.
• 2.0 - Minimal disability in one FS.
• 2.5 - Minimal disability in two FS.
• 3.0 - Moderate disability in one FS, or mild disability in three or four FS. Fully ambulatory.
• 3.5 - Fully ambulatory but with moderate disability in one FS and more than minimal disability in several others.
• 4.0 - Fully ambulatory without aid, self-sufficient, up and about some 12 hours a day despite relatively severe disability.
• 4.5 - Fully ambulatory without aid, up and about much of the day, able to work a full day, may otherwise have some limitation of full activity or require minimal assistance.
• 5.0 - Ambulatory without aid or rest for about 200 meters.
• 5.5 - Ambulatory for about 100 meters without aid or rest.
• 6.0 - Requires a cane, crutch or brace to walk about 100 meters with or without resting.
• 6.5 - Requires two canes, crutches or braces to walk about 20 meters without resting.
• 7.0 - Unable to walk beyond approximately 5 meters even with aid, essentially restricted to wheelchair.
• 7.5 - Restricted to wheelchair, but able to transfer and self-care.
• 8.0 - Essentially restricted to bed or wheelchair.
• 8.5 - Essentially restricted to bed much of day, has some effective use of arms.
• 9.0 - Helpless bed patient.
• 9.5 - Totally helpless bed patient.
• 10.0 - Death due to MS.

See also

• Multiple Sclerosis
• Functional System
• Neurological Examination

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