Tourniquet test

Tourniquet test is a medical diagnostic test used primarily to identify the presence of dengue fever. The test is named after the device used in the procedure, a tourniquet, which is a constricting or compressing device used to control venous and arterial circulation to an extremity for a period of time.

Procedure

The tourniquet test is performed by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm to a point mid-way between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures for five minutes. The test is positive if more than 20 petechiae per square inch or 3 cm² are observed on the skin below the cuff. The test is used in the diagnosis of diseases such as dengue fever and rickettsial infections.

Interpretation

A positive tourniquet test is one of the major warning signs of severe dengue fever. However, a negative test does not rule out dengue fever. The test is less sensitive in cases of secondary dengue infection. The test can also be positive in other medical conditions such as vitamin C deficiency and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Limitations

The tourniquet test has several limitations. It is less sensitive in secondary dengue infections. The test can also be positive in other medical conditions such as vitamin C deficiency and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The test is also subjective and depends on the skill of the person performing the test.

See also

• Dengue fever
• Rickettsial infections
• Vitamin C deficiency
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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