Developmental disorder

Developmental disorder is a group of psychiatric conditions originating in childhood that involve serious impairment in different areas. These disorders comprise language disorder, learning disorder, motor disorder and autism spectrum disorders.

Definition

Developmental disorders usually have a childhood onset but tend to persist into adulthood, causing impairment or delay in functions related to the central nervous system maturation. This implies that individuals with these disorders have difficulties in certain areas of life, especially those considered to be of adaptive behavior such as in social, academic, or occupational functioning.

Types of Developmental Disorders

Developmental disorders can be grouped into specific categories, some of which include:

• Language disorder
• Learning disorder
• Motor disorder
• Autism spectrum disorders

Language Disorder

Language disorder is a communication disorder in which a person has persistent difficulties in the acquisition and use of language due to deficits in comprehension or production.

Learning Disorder

Learning disorders, also known as learning disabilities, involve impairments in reading (dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), and math (dyscalculia).

Motor Disorder

Motor disorder is a group of disorders affecting the coordination of movement. They can include developmental coordination disorder, stereotypic movement disorder, and tic disorders.

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are developmental disorders that affect communication and behavior. They include disorders such as autism, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS).

Treatment

Treatment for developmental disorders can involve physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and special education classes. Medication may be used if there are additional symptoms that need treatment, such as ADHD or anxiety.

See Also

• Mental health
• Child development
• Special education

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