Löfgren syndrome

Löfgren syndrome is a specific form of sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory disease. It is characterized by erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and arthritis. The syndrome was first described by Swedish physician Sven Löfgren in the 1950s.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Löfgren syndrome include erythema nodosum, a skin condition that results in red, painful lumps most commonly located in the front of the legs below the knees. Other symptoms include bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, which is the enlargement of lymph nodes located at the root of the lungs, and arthritis, particularly in the larger joints such as the ankles.

Causes

The exact cause of Löfgren syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be a form of sarcoidosis, a disease that results from a specific type of inflammation of tissues of the body. It can appear in almost any body organ, but it starts most often in the lungs or lymph nodes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Löfgren syndrome is typically based on the presence of the characteristic symptoms of erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and arthritis. Additional tests may be conducted to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for Löfgren syndrome primarily involves managing the symptoms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used to reduce inflammation and pain. In severe cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Löfgren syndrome is generally good. Most people with the syndrome recover completely, though it may take months to years. In some cases, however, sarcoidosis may develop.

See also

• Sarcoidosis
• Erythema nodosum
• Arthritis

References

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