Pterygomaxillary fissure

Pterygomaxillary fissure is a gap in the human skull, specifically located between the Pterygoid process of the Sphenoid bone and the Maxilla. It is a significant anatomical feature as it allows for the passage of various structures from the Pterygopalatine fossa to the Infratemporal fossa.

Etymology

The term "Pterygomaxillary" is derived from the Greek words "pteryx" meaning wing and "maxilla" meaning jawbone. "Fissure" is derived from the Latin word "fissura" meaning a cleft or crack.

Anatomy

The Pterygomaxillary fissure is a narrow, vertical gap that is located between the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla. It serves as a communication between the pterygopalatine fossa and the infratemporal fossa. Structures that pass through this fissure include the Posterior superior alveolar artery and nerves, and the Pharyngeal nerve.

Clinical Significance

Due to its location and the structures that pass through it, the Pterygomaxillary fissure can be involved in various medical conditions. For instance, it can be affected in cases of Maxillary sinusitis, where inflammation of the sinus can spread to the structures passing through the fissure. It can also be involved in certain types of oral surgeries, where knowledge of its location and the structures passing through it is crucial.

Related Terms

• Pterygoid process
• Sphenoid bone
• Maxilla
• Pterygopalatine fossa
• Infratemporal fossa
• Posterior superior alveolar artery
• Pharyngeal nerve
• Maxillary sinusitis
• Oral and maxillofacial surgery

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