Argopecten purpuratus

Argopecten purpuratus

'Argopecten purpuratus'
'Argopecten purpuratus'
Scientific classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus	'Argopecten'
Species	'purpuratus'
Binomial name	'Argopecten purpuratus'
Binomial authority
Synonyms

Argopecten purpuratus, commonly known as the Peruvian scallop, is a species of scallop native to the Pacific coast of South America. It belongs to the genus Argopecten and was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1819.

Description

The Peruvian scallop has a rounded shell with distinct ridges and a deep purple coloration, which gives it its common name. The shell can reach a maximum size of about 10 centimeters in diameter. The scallop's mantle, which is responsible for shell coloration, is highly prized for its vibrant purple hue.

Distribution and Habitat

Argopecten purpuratus is found along the Pacific coast of South America, ranging from northern Peru to central Chile. It inhabits shallow coastal waters, typically at depths of 10 to 30 meters. The species prefers sandy or muddy substrates, where it can bury itself for protection.

Ecology and Behavior

Peruvian scallops are filter feeders, using their gills to extract plankton and other organic particles from the water. They are known to form dense aggregations, called scallop beds, which provide important habitat for other marine organisms. These beds also serve as nursery grounds for various fish species.

Fisheries and Aquaculture

The Peruvian scallop is commercially important and is extensively harvested for both local consumption and export. It is considered a delicacy in many countries and is highly valued for its sweet and tender meat. Aquaculture of Argopecten purpuratus has also been developed, with farms cultivating the scallops in suspended nets or on the seabed.

Conservation

Due to its economic importance, the Peruvian scallop is subject to fishing pressure and habitat degradation. However, specific conservation measures, such as size limits and closed seasons, have been implemented to ensure sustainable harvesting. Additionally, efforts are being made to promote responsible aquaculture practices to reduce the impact on wild populations.