Koplik's spots

Koplik's Spots

Photograph of Koplik's spots in a patient with measles.

Koplik's spots are distinctive small red lesions with white or bluish centers, typically found on the mucous membranes inside the mouth and tongue. They are a hallmark symptom of measles and appear one to two days before the onset of the measles rash.

Identification

Koplik's spots are characterized by:

• Small size, usually 1-2 mm in diameter
• Red base with a central white or bluish speck
• Location on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars

Association with Measles

• Koplik's spots are considered pathognomonic for measles, meaning their presence is strongly indicative of the disease.
• They appear during the prodromal phase of measles, making them an important diagnostic sign.

Diagnostic Significance

• Early identification of Koplik's spots can lead to timely diagnosis of measles, which is critical for infection control.
• They help distinguish measles from other febrile rash illnesses.

Differential Diagnosis

Koplik's spots should be differentiated from other oral lesions, such as:

• Herpangina
• Hand, foot, and mouth disease
• Aphthous ulcers

External Links

• CDC: Measles (Rubeola) for Healthcare Professionals
• World Health Organization: Measles Fact Sheet

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