Gigactonine

Gigactonine is a diterpene alkaloid that is found in the Aconitum genus of plants, specifically in the species Aconitum gigas. It is a member of the aconitine family of alkaloids, which are known for their potent neurotoxic effects.

Chemical Structure

Gigactonine has a complex chemical structure, with a molecular formula of C34H45NO11. It is a diterpene alkaloid, meaning it is composed of two isoprene units and contains a basic nitrogen atom. The structure of gigactonine is similar to that of other aconitine alkaloids, with a characteristic ester linkage and a cyclic structure.

Biological Activity

Gigactonine, like other aconitine alkaloids, is a potent neurotoxin. It acts by binding to voltage-gated sodium channels, causing them to remain open and leading to a continuous influx of sodium ions. This results in continuous nerve impulse transmission, which can lead to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, paralysis, and in severe cases, death.

Toxicity

The toxicity of gigactonine is high, with a reported LD50 in mice of 0.23 mg/kg when administered intravenously. Symptoms of gigactonine poisoning can include numbness and tingling, paralysis, and in severe cases, death. Treatment for gigactonine poisoning typically involves supportive care and the administration of antidotes that block the action of the toxin.

See Also

• Aconitum
• Aconitine
• Diterpene
• Alkaloid
• Neurotoxin

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  Gigactonine.svg
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  Aconitum gigas var. hondoense 01

Gigactonine

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  Gigactonine
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  Aconitum gigas var. hondoense