Aspoxicillin

A beta-lactam antibiotic

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Chemical structure of Aspoxicillin

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Aspoxicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the penicillin class. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Mechanism of Action

Aspoxicillin works by binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall. This binding inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, which is essential for cell wall structural integrity. The inhibition of cell wall synthesis leads to cell lysis and death of the bacterium.

Pharmacokinetics

Aspoxicillin is administered orally and is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It is distributed widely throughout the body and is known to cross the blood-brain barrier to some extent. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys.

Clinical Uses

Aspoxicillin is used to treat infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. These infections include:

• Respiratory tract infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Gastrointestinal infections

Side Effects

Common side effects of aspoxicillin include:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Rash
• Allergic reactions

Severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, are rare but can occur.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to aspoxicillin can occur through the production of beta-lactamase enzymes, which hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring, rendering the antibiotic ineffective. Resistance can also occur through alterations in PBPs, reducing the binding affinity of the antibiotic.

Related pages

• Penicillin
• Antibiotic resistance
• Beta-lactam antibiotics