Cyanogen

Cyanogen is a colorless, toxic gas with a pungent odor. It is a compound of carbon and nitrogen with the formula (CN)2.

Chemical Properties

Cyanogen is a linear molecule, with a triple bond between the carbon and the nitrogen atoms. It is isoelectronic with carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, and has similar bonding patterns. Cyanogen has a boiling point of -21.17 °C and a melting point of -27.9 °C. It is soluble in water and can be easily liquefied.

Production

Cyanogen can be produced by oxidation of hydrogen cyanide, usually in the presence of a metal catalyst. It can also be produced by the reaction of cyanide salts with halogens, or by the dehydration of formamide.

Uses

Cyanogen is used in organic synthesis as a source of the cyano group. It is also used in the production of cyanide salts and cyanamides, and as a fumigant and insecticide.

Health Effects

Exposure to cyanogen can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Inhalation can cause headache, dizziness, rapid heart rate, and in severe cases, unconsciousness and death.

Safety

Cyanogen is highly toxic and should be handled with care. It is a strong oxidizer and can react violently with reducing agents. It is also flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.

See Also

• Hydrogen cyanide
• Cyanide
• Cyanamide
• Formamide

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