Temporal branches of the facial nerve

Temporal branches of the facial nerve are the branches of the facial nerve that supply the frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles. They are also known as the frontal branches.

Etymology

The term "temporal" comes from the Latin word "tempus" which means "time". This is because the temporal area of the head (where these branches are located) was thought to be the area where hair first turns grey, indicating the passage of time.

Anatomy

The temporal branches of the facial nerve arise just after the facial nerve exits the parotid gland. They ascend into the scalp, just above the ear, where they divide into multiple smaller branches. These branches supply the frontalis muscle, the orbicularis oculi muscle, and parts of the corrugator supercilii muscle.

Function

The temporal branches of the facial nerve are responsible for controlling the movements of the muscles they supply. This includes raising the eyebrows (frontalis muscle), closing the eyes (orbicularis oculi muscle), and frowning (corrugator supercilii muscle).

Clinical significance

Damage to the temporal branches of the facial nerve can result in a variety of symptoms, depending on which muscles are affected. This can include an inability to raise the eyebrows, close the eyes, or frown. This type of damage is often seen in conditions such as Bell's palsy or following surgical procedures in the area.

Related terms

• Facial nerve
• Frontalis muscle
• Orbicularis oculi muscle
• Corrugator supercilii muscle
• Bell's palsy

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