Adaptogen

Adaptogen

Dried Rhodiola rosea, a common adaptogen

An adaptogen is a natural substance considered to help the body adapt to stress and to exert a normalizing effect upon bodily processes. The concept of adaptogens was originally created in 1947 to describe substances that may increase the "state of non-specific resistance" in stress. Adaptogens are used in herbal medicine for the claimed stabilization of physiological processes and promotion of homeostasis.

History

The term "adaptogen" was first coined by Nikolai Lazarev, a Russian scientist, in 1947. The concept was further developed by his student, Israel Brekhman, who conducted extensive research on adaptogens, particularly focusing on Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian ginseng).

Characteristics

Adaptogens are said to have several key characteristics:

• They are non-specific and help the body resist a wide range of stressors, including physical, chemical, and biological factors.
• They have a normalizing influence on physiology, irrespective of the direction of change from physiological norms caused by the stressor.
• They are non-toxic and do not harm the body.

Common Adaptogens

Some of the most commonly cited adaptogens include:

• Panax ginseng
• Rhodiola rosea
• Ashwagandha
• Schisandra chinensis
• Eleutherococcus senticosus

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of adaptogens is not fully understood. However, they are believed to work by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathoadrenal system, which are involved in the body's response to stress. Adaptogens may also influence the levels of neurotransmitters and hormones involved in stress response.

Uses

Adaptogens are used in herbal medicine and alternative medicine to help the body cope with stress, improve mental and physical performance, and enhance overall well-being. They are often included in dietary supplements and functional foods.

Safety and Efficacy

The safety and efficacy of adaptogens can vary depending on the specific herb and its preparation. While some studies suggest potential benefits, more research is needed to fully understand their effects and mechanisms. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using adaptogens, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions or those taking other medications.

Related pages

• Herbal medicine
• Stress (biology)
• Homeostasis
• Dietary supplement