Cap snatching

Cap Snatching is a process that occurs in the life cycle of certain viruses, particularly those in the Orthomyxoviridae family, which includes the Influenza virus. This process is essential for the virus to replicate its RNA and propagate within the host organism.

Overview

Cap Snatching is a mechanism used by some viruses to utilize the host's pre-existing mRNA for their own replication. The term "cap" refers to the 5' cap structure of the host's mRNA, which is "snatched" by the virus during replication.

Process

The process of Cap Snatching involves several steps:

1. The viral RNA polymerase binds to the host's mRNA.
2. The polymerase cleaves the mRNA a short distance from the 5' cap.
3. The cleaved fragment, still attached to the cap, is used as a primer for the synthesis of viral mRNA.

This process allows the virus to bypass the host's defenses and use its own machinery to replicate.

Role in Viral Replication

Cap Snatching is crucial for the replication of certain viruses, such as the Influenza virus. By using the host's mRNA, these viruses can effectively "hide" from the host's immune system, allowing them to replicate and spread more effectively.

Therapeutic Implications

Understanding the process of Cap Snatching has important implications for the development of antiviral therapies. By targeting this process, it may be possible to inhibit viral replication and prevent the spread of the virus within the host organism.

See Also

• Virus replication
• Orthomyxoviridae
• Influenza virus
• RNA polymerase
• mRNA

References

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