Paradox

Paradox is a statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory. Paradoxes can often make us rethink some truths that we hold to be self-evident.

Types of Paradoxes

There are several types of paradoxes, including:

• Logical paradox: These are paradoxes that are derived from seemingly valid reasoning from plausible premises, yet contradict one another.

• Veridical paradox: These are paradoxes that produce a result that appears absurd but is demonstrated to be true nevertheless.

• Falsidical paradox: These are paradoxes that may seem valid, but are actually based on a fallacy.

• Antinomy: These are paradoxes in which the laws of logic are violated.

Examples of Paradoxes

Some well-known examples of paradoxes include:

• Liar paradox: This is the statement "I am lying." If it's true, then it must be false.

• Russell's paradox: This is a paradox that shows that some accepted assumptions about sets lead to a contradiction.

• Zeno's paradoxes: These are a set of philosophical problems generally thought to have been devised by Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea.

See Also

• List of paradoxes
• Self-reference
• Mathematical fallacy

References

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