Phenazone

Phenazone (also known as antipyrine or analgesine) is an analgesic and antipyretic compound with the chemical formula C11H12N2O. It was first synthesized by Ludwig Knorr in 1887. Phenazone is derived from pyrazolone, with additional ketone and phenyl groups.

Etymology

The term "phenazone" is derived from the chemical structure of the compound, which consists of a phenyl group (from Greek phainein, meaning "to show") and a azo group (from Greek azo, meaning "nitrogen"). The suffix "-one" indicates the presence of a carbonyl group.

Pharmacology

Phenazone has analgesic (pain-relieving) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) properties. It is thought to act by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in the body's inflammatory response. Phenazone is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is metabolized in the liver.

Medical uses

Phenazone is used to treat pain and fever. It is often combined with other medications, such as caffeine, to enhance its effects. Phenazone has also been used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and as a diagnostic tool in testing for deficiencies of certain enzymes in the body.

Side effects

Common side effects of phenazone include gastrointestinal upset, dizziness, and allergic reactions. In rare cases, it can cause serious side effects such as blood disorders and liver damage.

Related terms

• Analgesic: A type of medication used to relieve pain.
• Antipyretic: A type of medication used to reduce fever.
• Prostaglandin: A group of compounds with various hormone-like effects, including the promotion of inflammation.
• Rheumatic disease: A group of disorders affecting the joints and connective tissue.

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