Malware

Malware

File:Blaster hex dump.png

Hex dump of the Blaster worm, a notorious piece of malware.

Malware is a portmanteau of "malicious software" and refers to any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer, server, client, or computer network. Malware can take many forms, including viruses, worms, trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, and scareware, among others.

Types of Malware

Viruses

File:Blaster hex dump.png

Example of a virus in hex format.

A computer virus is a type of malware that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive. When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".

Worms

A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program.

Trojan Horses

A trojan horse is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software. Trojans can be employed by cyber-thieves and hackers trying to gain access to users' systems.

Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malware that threatens to publish the victim's data or perpetually block access to it unless a ransom is paid.

Spyware

Spyware is software that aims to gather information about a person or organization without their knowledge and may send such information to another entity without the consumer's consent.

Adware

Adware is software that automatically displays or downloads advertising material (often unwanted) when a user is online.

Scareware

Scareware is a type of malware designed to trick victims into purchasing and downloading unnecessary and potentially dangerous software.

Prevention and Protection

To protect against malware, it is important to use antivirus software, keep systems updated, and practice safe browsing habits. Users should be cautious when downloading files or clicking on links from unknown sources.

Related pages

• Computer security
• Antivirus software
• Cybercrime
• Information security