Pelvic exenteration

Pelvic exenteration is a radical surgical treatment that removes all organs from a person's pelvic cavity. The procedure is used to treat cancers located in the pelvic region, most commonly advanced primary rectal cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, and ovarian cancer.

Indications

Pelvic exenteration is indicated for locally advanced primary and recurrent rectal, cervical, bladder, and ovarian cancers. The procedure is considered when the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body and is confined to the pelvic region.

Procedure

The procedure involves the removal of the bladder, rectum, and part of the colon. In women, the uterus, cervix, ovaries, and part of the vagina may also be removed. In men, the prostate and seminal vesicles may be removed. The procedure is followed by the construction of a colostomy and a urostomy to allow for the elimination of waste from the body.

Complications

Complications can include infection, bleeding, and damage to nearby organs. Long-term complications can include sexual dysfunction and changes in body image.

Prognosis

The prognosis following pelvic exenteration depends on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health.

See also

• Cancer
• Surgery
• Colostomy
• Urostomy

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  Diagram showing the area removed with a total exenteration operation for cancer of the cervix