Body integrity dysphoria

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Body integrity dysphoria
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Desire to amputate healthy limbs, feeling of mismatch between body and identity
Complications	N/A
Onset	Childhood or early adulthood
Duration	Long-term
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown
Risks
Diagnosis	Clinical assessment
Differential diagnosis	Body dysmorphic disorder, Gender dysphoria, Somatoparaphrenia
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Cognitive behavioral therapy, Antidepressants
Medication
Prognosis
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID), also known as body integrity identity disorder, amputee identity disorder, and xenomelia (formerly apotemnophilia), is a psychological disorder characterized by a persistent desire to be disabled or a profound discomfort with being able-bodied. This condition typically begins in early adolescence and can lead to harmful consequences if not managed properly.

Terminology

BID has been known by various terms over the years, reflecting the evolving understanding of the condition. The term "transabled" is sometimes used by individuals with BID to describe themselves.

Symptoms and Manifestations

Symptoms of BID include:

• Intense and persistent desire to become disabled, often focusing on limb amputation or paralysis
• Discomfort or distress with one's able-bodied status
• Emotional and psychological distress impacting daily functioning

Related Conditions

BID appears to be related to conditions like somatoparaphrenia, a disorder involving the denial of ownership of parts of one’s body.

Management and Treatment

Currently, there is no standard treatment for BID, but approaches may include:

• Psychological counseling and therapy
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
• Medication for associated symptoms like depression or anxiety

Ethical and Social Considerations

BID raises various ethical, medical, and social considerations, particularly regarding the desire for elective disability and the support systems available for individuals with BID.

External Links

• Psychology Today - Body Integrity Identity Disorder
• National Center for Biotechnology Information - Understanding Body Integrity Identity Disorder

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