Trachonychia: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|A condition affecting the nails, often associated with lichen planus}} | {{Short description|A condition affecting the nails, often associated with lichen planus}} | ||
==Trachonychia== | |||
Trachonychia, also known as "twenty-nail dystrophy," is a condition characterized by rough, thin, and brittle nails. It can affect both [[fingernails]] and [[toenails]], and is often associated with [[lichen planus]], [[alopecia areata]], and other dermatological conditions. | Trachonychia, also known as "twenty-nail dystrophy," is a condition characterized by rough, thin, and brittle nails. It can affect both [[fingernails]] and [[toenails]], and is often associated with [[lichen planus]], [[alopecia areata]], and other dermatological conditions. | ||
===Clinical Presentation=== | ===Clinical Presentation=== | ||
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| Trachonychia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Twenty-nail dystrophy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Rough, brittle, thinning, discolored nails |
| Complications | Nail dystrophy |
| Onset | Childhood or adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Idiopathic, lichen planus, alopecia areata |
| Risks | Genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Onychomycosis, psoriasis, eczema |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Topical corticosteroids, systemic therapy, phototherapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, often benign |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
A condition affecting the nails, often associated with lichen planus
Trachonychia[edit]
Trachonychia, also known as "twenty-nail dystrophy," is a condition characterized by rough, thin, and brittle nails. It can affect both fingernails and toenails, and is often associated with lichen planus, alopecia areata, and other dermatological conditions.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Trachonychia presents with nails that appear rough and sandpaper-like. The nails may become thin and brittle, and in some cases, they may develop a "sandpaper" texture. The condition can affect all 20 nails, hence the name "twenty-nail dystrophy," but it can also present in fewer nails.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of trachonychia is not well understood, but it is often associated with autoimmune conditions such as lichen planus and alopecia areata. It is believed that an inflammatory process affects the nail matrix, leading to the characteristic changes in the nails.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of trachonychia is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the nails. A dermatologist may perform a nail biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions. The biopsy typically shows spongiosis and a lichenoid tissue reaction in the nail matrix.
Management[edit]
There is no specific treatment for trachonychia, and management is often focused on treating any underlying conditions such as lichen planus or alopecia areata. In some cases, topical or intralesional corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation. The condition may resolve spontaneously over time.
