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'''Sinus tachycardia''' is a common type of heart rhythm characterized by a faster-than-normal rate of impulses in the [[sinoatrial node]] | {{SI}} | ||
[[File:12 lead sinus tachycardia young.JPG|thumb|12 lead sinus tachycardia young]] | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
== | | name = Sinus tachycardia | ||
| image = [[File:ECG_Sinus_Tachycardia_125_bpm.jpg|left|thumb|ECG showing sinus tachycardia]] | |||
| caption = ECG showing sinus tachycardia | |||
| field = [[Cardiology]] | |||
| synonyms = Sinus tach | |||
| symptoms = [[Palpitations]], [[dizziness]], [[shortness of breath]], [[chest pain]] | |||
| complications = [[Heart failure]], [[myocardial ischemia]] | |||
| onset = Any age | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Exercise]], [[fever]], [[anemia]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[anxiety]], [[stimulants]] | |||
| risks = [[Dehydration]], [[infection]], [[stress]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Electrocardiogram]] (ECG) | |||
| differential = [[Atrial fibrillation]], [[supraventricular tachycardia]], [[ventricular tachycardia]] | |||
| treatment = Address underlying cause, [[beta blockers]], [[calcium channel blockers]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good if underlying cause is treated | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Sinus tachycardia''' is a common type of heart rhythm characterized by a faster-than-normal rate of impulses in the [[sinoatrial node]]—the natural pacemaker of the heart. | |||
[[File:12 lead sinus tachycardia young.JPG|left|thumb|12 lead sinus tachycardia young]] | |||
== Introduction == | |||
Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute in adults. It is a normal physiological response to stress, exercise, or situations that require increased cardiac output. However, in some cases, it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition or a side effect of certain medications. | Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute in adults. It is a normal physiological response to stress, exercise, or situations that require increased cardiac output. However, in some cases, it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition or a side effect of certain medications. | ||
== Causes and Types == | == Causes and Types == | ||
Sinus tachycardia can be categorized as either physiological (normal response) or pathological (due to an underlying disease). | Sinus tachycardia can be categorized as either physiological (normal response) or pathological (due to an underlying disease). | ||
== Physiological Sinus Tachycardia == | == Physiological Sinus Tachycardia == | ||
This type of sinus tachycardia occurs as a normal response to situations such as exercise, stress, anxiety, fear, fever, dehydration, or excessive intake of substances such as caffeine and nicotine. | This type of sinus tachycardia occurs as a normal response to situations such as exercise, stress, anxiety, fear, fever, dehydration, or excessive intake of substances such as caffeine and nicotine. | ||
== Pathological Sinus Tachycardia == | == Pathological Sinus Tachycardia == | ||
This type of sinus tachycardia is caused by an underlying medical condition such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, or hemorrhage. | This type of sinus tachycardia is caused by an underlying medical condition such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, or hemorrhage. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
While sinus tachycardia itself is usually not harmful, it may cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, angina (chest pain), or fainting in some individuals. | While sinus tachycardia itself is usually not harmful, it may cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, angina (chest pain), or fainting in some individuals. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and an electrocardiogram (ECG), which can confirm the fast heart rate and identify its sinus origin. Further testing may be performed to determine an underlying cause, if suspected. | Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and an electrocardiogram (ECG), which can confirm the fast heart rate and identify its sinus origin. Further testing may be performed to determine an underlying cause, if suspected. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The treatment of sinus tachycardia is usually directed at the underlying cause. If it is due to a physiological response, no treatment may be necessary. If it is due to an underlying medical condition, treating that condition often resolves the sinus tachycardia. | The treatment of sinus tachycardia is usually directed at the underlying cause. If it is due to a physiological response, no treatment may be necessary. If it is due to an underlying medical condition, treating that condition often resolves the sinus tachycardia. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
Latest revision as of 18:10, 8 April 2025
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| Sinus tachycardia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Sinus tach |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain |
| Complications | Heart failure, myocardial ischemia |
| Onset | Any age |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Exercise, fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism, anxiety, stimulants |
| Risks | Dehydration, infection, stress |
| Diagnosis | Electrocardiogram (ECG) |
| Differential diagnosis | Atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Address underlying cause, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good if underlying cause is treated |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Sinus tachycardia is a common type of heart rhythm characterized by a faster-than-normal rate of impulses in the sinoatrial node—the natural pacemaker of the heart.
Introduction[edit]
Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute in adults. It is a normal physiological response to stress, exercise, or situations that require increased cardiac output. However, in some cases, it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition or a side effect of certain medications.
Causes and Types[edit]
Sinus tachycardia can be categorized as either physiological (normal response) or pathological (due to an underlying disease).
Physiological Sinus Tachycardia[edit]
This type of sinus tachycardia occurs as a normal response to situations such as exercise, stress, anxiety, fear, fever, dehydration, or excessive intake of substances such as caffeine and nicotine.
Pathological Sinus Tachycardia[edit]
This type of sinus tachycardia is caused by an underlying medical condition such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, or hemorrhage.
Symptoms[edit]
While sinus tachycardia itself is usually not harmful, it may cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, angina (chest pain), or fainting in some individuals.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and an electrocardiogram (ECG), which can confirm the fast heart rate and identify its sinus origin. Further testing may be performed to determine an underlying cause, if suspected.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of sinus tachycardia is usually directed at the underlying cause. If it is due to a physiological response, no treatment may be necessary. If it is due to an underlying medical condition, treating that condition often resolves the sinus tachycardia.
References[edit]
<references>
- "Sinus tachycardia". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
- "Sinus tachycardia". American Heart Association. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
- Olgin JE, Zipes DP. "Specific Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Treatment". In: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019.
