Xanthoma diabeticorum

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Xanthoma diabeticorum
Synonyms	Diabetic xanthoma
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Yellowish papules on the skin
Complications	Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes mellitus
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Variable, often resolves with treatment of underlying condition
Types	N/A
Causes	Hypertriglyceridemia
Risks	Poorly controlled diabetes, hyperlipidemia
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Xanthelasma, Eruptive xanthoma
Prevention	Control of blood sugar and lipid levels
Treatment	Managing underlying diabetes and lipid disorders
Medication	Insulin, fibrates, statins
Prognosis	Good with proper management
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Xanthoma Diabeticorum is a skin condition characterized by the presence of yellowish, firm nodules on the skin, particularly in the fatty areas. It is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to process glucose.

Etiology

The exact cause of xanthoma diabeticorum is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to the high levels of cholesterol and other fats in the blood, which are common in individuals with diabetes mellitus. These fats can accumulate in the skin, leading to the formation of xanthomas.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of xanthoma diabeticorum is the appearance of yellowish, firm nodules on the skin. These nodules can vary in size and are typically found in the fatty areas of the body, such as the buttocks, thighs, and arms. In some cases, the nodules may be accompanied by itching or discomfort.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of xanthoma diabeticorum typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Blood tests may also be conducted to assess the patient's cholesterol and glucose levels.

Treatment

Treatment for xanthoma diabeticorum primarily involves managing the underlying diabetes and reducing the levels of cholesterol and other fats in the blood. This can be achieved through a combination of diet, exercise, and medication. In some cases, the nodules may be removed surgically.

Prognosis

With proper management of the underlying diabetes and cholesterol levels, the nodules associated with xanthoma diabeticorum can be reduced or eliminated. However, if left untreated, the condition can lead to complications such as skin infection or damage.

See Also

• Diabetes mellitus
• Cholesterol
• Skin biopsy

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