Pasteurellosis: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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[[File:PHIL_3621.tif| | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Pasteurellosis | |||
| image = [[File:PHIL_3621.tif|alt=Micrograph of Pasteurella multocida]] | |||
| caption = Micrograph of ''[[Pasteurella multocida]]'' | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[swelling]], [[redness]], [[pain]] at the site of infection | |||
| complications = [[Cellulitis]], [[abscess]], [[sepsis]] | |||
| onset = Rapid, usually within 24 hours of exposure | |||
| duration = Varies, can be acute or chronic | |||
| causes = [[Pasteurella multocida]] and other ''Pasteurella'' species | |||
| risks = [[Animal bite]]s or scratches, especially from [[cats]] and [[dogs]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Culture (microbiology)|Culture]] of the organism from the site of infection | |||
| differential = [[Staphylococcal infection]], [[Streptococcal infection]], [[Bartonellosis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoiding bites and scratches, proper wound care | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]] such as [[penicillin]] or [[doxycycline]] | |||
| medication = [[Amoxicillin]], [[clavulanate]], [[tetracycline]] | |||
| prognosis = Good with prompt treatment | |||
| frequency = Common in individuals with animal exposure | |||
}} | |||
'''Pasteurellosis''' is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus ''[[Pasteurella]]''. It primarily affects animals but can also infect humans. The most common species responsible for pasteurellosis is ''[[Pasteurella multocida]]'', which is often found in the respiratory tracts of various animals. | |||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Pasteurellosis is prevalent worldwide and affects a wide range of animals, including [[livestock]], [[poultry]], and [[companion animals]] such as [[cats]] and [[dogs]]. The disease can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, inhalation of aerosolized bacteria, or through bites and scratches. | Pasteurellosis is prevalent worldwide and affects a wide range of animals, including [[livestock]], [[poultry]], and [[companion animals]] such as [[cats]] and [[dogs]]. The disease can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, inhalation of aerosolized bacteria, or through bites and scratches. | ||
==Clinical Signs== | ==Clinical Signs== | ||
In animals, pasteurellosis can manifest in various forms, including: | In animals, pasteurellosis can manifest in various forms, including: | ||
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* [[Abscesses]]: Localized infections that can occur in various parts of the body. | * [[Abscesses]]: Localized infections that can occur in various parts of the body. | ||
* [[Mastitis]]: Infection of the mammary glands, particularly in dairy animals. | * [[Mastitis]]: Infection of the mammary glands, particularly in dairy animals. | ||
In humans, pasteurellosis typically occurs after an animal bite or scratch, leading to symptoms such as: | In humans, pasteurellosis typically occurs after an animal bite or scratch, leading to symptoms such as: | ||
* [[Cellulitis]]: Redness, swelling, and pain at the site of infection. | * [[Cellulitis]]: Redness, swelling, and pain at the site of infection. | ||
* [[Lymphadenitis]]: Swollen lymph nodes. | * [[Lymphadenitis]]: Swollen lymph nodes. | ||
* [[Respiratory infections]]: Particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions. | * [[Respiratory infections]]: Particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of pasteurellosis involves: | Diagnosis of pasteurellosis involves: | ||
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* [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR): Molecular techniques to identify bacterial DNA. | * [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR): Molecular techniques to identify bacterial DNA. | ||
* [[Serology]]: Detection of antibodies against ''Pasteurella'' species. | * [[Serology]]: Detection of antibodies against ''Pasteurella'' species. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment typically involves the use of [[antibiotics]]. Commonly used antibiotics include: | Treatment typically involves the use of [[antibiotics]]. Commonly used antibiotics include: | ||
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* [[Tetracycline]] | * [[Tetracycline]] | ||
* [[Ciprofloxacin]] | * [[Ciprofloxacin]] | ||
In severe cases, supportive care such as [[fluid therapy]] and [[anti-inflammatory drugs]] may be necessary. | In severe cases, supportive care such as [[fluid therapy]] and [[anti-inflammatory drugs]] may be necessary. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Preventive measures include: | Preventive measures include: | ||
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* [[Good hygiene practices]]: Regular cleaning and disinfection of animal housing. | * [[Good hygiene practices]]: Regular cleaning and disinfection of animal housing. | ||
* [[Bite wound care]]: Immediate cleaning and medical attention for animal bites and scratches. | * [[Bite wound care]]: Immediate cleaning and medical attention for animal bites and scratches. | ||
==Public Health Implications== | ==Public Health Implications== | ||
Pasteurellosis is considered a [[zoonotic disease]], meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Individuals who work closely with animals, such as [[veterinarians]], [[farmers]], and [[pet owners]], are at higher risk of infection. | Pasteurellosis is considered a [[zoonotic disease]], meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Individuals who work closely with animals, such as [[veterinarians]], [[farmers]], and [[pet owners]], are at higher risk of infection. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Zoonosis]] | * [[Zoonosis]] | ||
* [[Bacterial infections]] | * [[Bacterial infections]] | ||
* [[Veterinary medicine]] | * [[Veterinary medicine]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{Commons category|Pasteurellosis}} | {{Commons category|Pasteurellosis}} | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Zoonoses]] | [[Category:Zoonoses]] | ||
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]] | [[Category:Bacterial diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Veterinary medicine]] | [[Category:Veterinary medicine]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:51, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Pasteurellosis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, swelling, redness, pain at the site of infection |
| Complications | Cellulitis, abscess, sepsis |
| Onset | Rapid, usually within 24 hours of exposure |
| Duration | Varies, can be acute or chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Pasteurella multocida and other Pasteurella species |
| Risks | Animal bites or scratches, especially from cats and dogs |
| Diagnosis | Culture of the organism from the site of infection |
| Differential diagnosis | Staphylococcal infection, Streptococcal infection, Bartonellosis |
| Prevention | Avoiding bites and scratches, proper wound care |
| Treatment | Antibiotics such as penicillin or doxycycline |
| Medication | Amoxicillin, clavulanate, tetracycline |
| Prognosis | Good with prompt treatment |
| Frequency | Common in individuals with animal exposure |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pasteurellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Pasteurella. It primarily affects animals but can also infect humans. The most common species responsible for pasteurellosis is Pasteurella multocida, which is often found in the respiratory tracts of various animals.
Epidemiology[edit]
Pasteurellosis is prevalent worldwide and affects a wide range of animals, including livestock, poultry, and companion animals such as cats and dogs. The disease can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, inhalation of aerosolized bacteria, or through bites and scratches.
Clinical Signs[edit]
In animals, pasteurellosis can manifest in various forms, including:
- Respiratory disease: Symptoms include coughing, nasal discharge, and difficulty breathing.
- Septicemia: A severe form that can lead to sudden death.
- Abscesses: Localized infections that can occur in various parts of the body.
- Mastitis: Infection of the mammary glands, particularly in dairy animals.
In humans, pasteurellosis typically occurs after an animal bite or scratch, leading to symptoms such as:
- Cellulitis: Redness, swelling, and pain at the site of infection.
- Lymphadenitis: Swollen lymph nodes.
- Respiratory infections: Particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of pasteurellosis involves:
- Bacterial culture: Isolation of Pasteurella species from clinical samples.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): Molecular techniques to identify bacterial DNA.
- Serology: Detection of antibodies against Pasteurella species.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment typically involves the use of antibiotics. Commonly used antibiotics include:
In severe cases, supportive care such as fluid therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs may be necessary.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include:
- Vaccination: Available for certain animal species.
- Good hygiene practices: Regular cleaning and disinfection of animal housing.
- Bite wound care: Immediate cleaning and medical attention for animal bites and scratches.
Public Health Implications[edit]
Pasteurellosis is considered a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Individuals who work closely with animals, such as veterinarians, farmers, and pet owners, are at higher risk of infection.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
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External Links[edit]
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