Neurapraxia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Neurapraxia | |||
| image = [[File:US_Navy_051203-N-9769P-549_Navy_slot_back_Reggie_Campbell_(7)_of_Sanford,_Fla.,_tackles_Army_Running_Back_Scott_Wesley_(82)_during_a_punt_return_during_the_106th_Army_vs._Navy_Football_game_held_for_the_third_consecutive_year_a.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Neurapraxia can occur in contact sports due to sudden impact. | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = Loss of motor and sensory function | |||
| complications = | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Temporary | |||
| causes = [[Trauma (medicine)|Trauma]], [[compression (physics)|compression]] | |||
| risks = Contact sports, repetitive motion | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[Electromyography]] | |||
| differential = [[Axonotmesis]], [[Neurotmesis]] | |||
| treatment = Rest, physical therapy | |||
| prognosis = Good, full recovery expected | |||
| frequency = Common in athletes | |||
}} | |||
'''Neurapraxia''' is a type of [[peripheral nerve injury]] that is characterized by a temporary loss of motor and sensory function due to blockage of nerve conduction. It is the mildest form of nerve injury and is often caused by compression or ischemia. | '''Neurapraxia''' is a type of [[peripheral nerve injury]] that is characterized by a temporary loss of motor and sensory function due to blockage of nerve conduction. It is the mildest form of nerve injury and is often caused by compression or ischemia. | ||
== Pathophysiology == | == Pathophysiology == | ||
Neurapraxia occurs when there is a disruption in the conduction of the nerve impulse along the nerve fiber. This disruption is usually due to a localized injury that affects the [[myelin sheath]] but leaves the [[axon]] intact. The injury results in a temporary loss of function, but the nerve structure remains preserved, allowing for full recovery over time. | Neurapraxia occurs when there is a disruption in the conduction of the nerve impulse along the nerve fiber. This disruption is usually due to a localized injury that affects the [[myelin sheath]] but leaves the [[axon]] intact. The injury results in a temporary loss of function, but the nerve structure remains preserved, allowing for full recovery over time. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Neurapraxia is commonly caused by: | Neurapraxia is commonly caused by: | ||
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* [[Ischemia]], which is a lack of blood supply to the nerve. | * [[Ischemia]], which is a lack of blood supply to the nerve. | ||
* [[Trauma]], such as a blow or impact that compresses the nerve. | * [[Trauma]], such as a blow or impact that compresses the nerve. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of neurapraxia include: | The symptoms of neurapraxia include: | ||
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* Loss of sensation or numbness. | * Loss of sensation or numbness. | ||
* Tingling or "pins and needles" sensation. | * Tingling or "pins and needles" sensation. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of neurapraxia is typically made through clinical examination and patient history. [[Electromyography]] (EMG) and [[nerve conduction studies]] can be used to assess the extent of the nerve injury and to differentiate neurapraxia from more severe nerve injuries such as [[axonotmesis]] or [[neurotmesis]]. | Diagnosis of neurapraxia is typically made through clinical examination and patient history. [[Electromyography]] (EMG) and [[nerve conduction studies]] can be used to assess the extent of the nerve injury and to differentiate neurapraxia from more severe nerve injuries such as [[axonotmesis]] or [[neurotmesis]]. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for neurapraxia focuses on relieving the cause of the nerve compression and allowing time for recovery. This may include: | Treatment for neurapraxia focuses on relieving the cause of the nerve compression and allowing time for recovery. This may include: | ||
* Rest and avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms. | * Rest and avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms. | ||
* Physical therapy to maintain muscle strength and flexibility. | * Physical therapy to maintain muscle strength and flexibility. | ||
* Pain management with medications if necessary. | * Pain management with medications if necessary. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for neurapraxia is generally excellent, with most patients experiencing full recovery within weeks to months. The recovery time depends on the severity of the compression and the duration of the injury. | The prognosis for neurapraxia is generally excellent, with most patients experiencing full recovery within weeks to months. The recovery time depends on the severity of the compression and the duration of the injury. | ||
== See Also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Peripheral nerve injury]] | * [[Peripheral nerve injury]] | ||
* [[Axonotmesis]] | * [[Axonotmesis]] | ||
* [[Neurotmesis]] | * [[Neurotmesis]] | ||
* [[Myelin]] | * [[Myelin]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] | [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:57, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Neurapraxia | |
|---|---|
_of_Sanford,_Fla.,_tackles_Army_Running_Back_Scott_Wesley_(82)_during_a_punt_return_during_the_106th_Army_vs._Navy_Football_game_held_for_the_third_consecutive_year_a.jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Loss of motor and sensory function |
| Complications | |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Temporary |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Trauma, compression |
| Risks | Contact sports, repetitive motion |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, Electromyography |
| Differential diagnosis | Axonotmesis, Neurotmesis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Rest, physical therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good, full recovery expected |
| Frequency | Common in athletes |
| Deaths | N/A |
Neurapraxia is a type of peripheral nerve injury that is characterized by a temporary loss of motor and sensory function due to blockage of nerve conduction. It is the mildest form of nerve injury and is often caused by compression or ischemia.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Neurapraxia occurs when there is a disruption in the conduction of the nerve impulse along the nerve fiber. This disruption is usually due to a localized injury that affects the myelin sheath but leaves the axon intact. The injury results in a temporary loss of function, but the nerve structure remains preserved, allowing for full recovery over time.
Causes[edit]
Neurapraxia is commonly caused by:
- Compression of the nerve, such as from a tourniquet or tight bandage.
- Ischemia, which is a lack of blood supply to the nerve.
- Trauma, such as a blow or impact that compresses the nerve.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of neurapraxia include:
- Loss of motor function in the affected area.
- Loss of sensation or numbness.
- Tingling or "pins and needles" sensation.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of neurapraxia is typically made through clinical examination and patient history. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies can be used to assess the extent of the nerve injury and to differentiate neurapraxia from more severe nerve injuries such as axonotmesis or neurotmesis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for neurapraxia focuses on relieving the cause of the nerve compression and allowing time for recovery. This may include:
- Rest and avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms.
- Physical therapy to maintain muscle strength and flexibility.
- Pain management with medications if necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for neurapraxia is generally excellent, with most patients experiencing full recovery within weeks to months. The recovery time depends on the severity of the compression and the duration of the injury.
