Childhood schizophrenia: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Childhood schizophrenia | |||
| image = [[File:DSM-III-Remove-ChildhoodSchiz.png|250px]] | |||
| alt = | |||
| caption = DSM-III removed childhood schizophrenia as a separate diagnosis | |||
| field = [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Hallucinations]], [[delusions]], [[disorganized thinking]], [[emotional disturbances]] | |||
| onset = Typically before age 13 | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Genetic factors]], [[environmental factors]] | |||
| risks = Family history of [[schizophrenia]], [[prenatal]] exposure to infections or malnutrition | |||
| diagnosis = Based on [[clinical assessment]], [[DSM-5]] criteria | |||
| differential = [[Autism spectrum disorder]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[major depressive disorder]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antipsychotic medication]], [[psychotherapy]], [[family therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable; often chronic with periods of remission and relapse | |||
| frequency = Rare; estimated 1 in 40,000 children | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Schizophrenia_brain_large.gif|Brain scan showing effects of schizophrenia|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Childhood Schizophrenia''' is a rare and severe form of [[mental disorder]] that affects children under the age of 13. It is characterized by the same symptoms as adult [[schizophrenia]], including [[hallucinations]], [[delusions]], and disordered thinking, but occurs at a much earlier age. | '''Childhood Schizophrenia''' is a rare and severe form of [[mental disorder]] that affects children under the age of 13. It is characterized by the same symptoms as adult [[schizophrenia]], including [[hallucinations]], [[delusions]], and disordered thinking, but occurs at a much earlier age. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Childhood schizophrenia presents a variety of symptoms, which can be broadly categorized into positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. | Childhood schizophrenia presents a variety of symptoms, which can be broadly categorized into positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. | ||
'''Positive symptoms''' are those that are "added" to the child's experience. These include hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. | '''Positive symptoms''' are those that are "added" to the child's experience. These include hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. | ||
'''Negative symptoms''' are those that are "taken away" from the child's experience. These include reduced emotional expression, reduced motivation to engage in activities, and reduced speech. | '''Negative symptoms''' are those that are "taken away" from the child's experience. These include reduced emotional expression, reduced motivation to engage in activities, and reduced speech. | ||
'''Cognitive symptoms''' involve problems with attention, memory, and executive function. | '''Cognitive symptoms''' involve problems with attention, memory, and executive function. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of childhood schizophrenia is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A family history of schizophrenia or other [[psychotic disorders]] increases the risk. Prenatal exposure to certain infections, malnutrition, or stressors may also contribute to the development of the disorder. | The exact cause of childhood schizophrenia is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A family history of schizophrenia or other [[psychotic disorders]] increases the risk. Prenatal exposure to certain infections, malnutrition, or stressors may also contribute to the development of the disorder. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia is challenging due to the overlap of symptoms with other childhood disorders such as [[autism]] and [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder|ADHD]]. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation and medical history are necessary for diagnosis. | Diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia is challenging due to the overlap of symptoms with other childhood disorders such as [[autism]] and [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder|ADHD]]. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation and medical history are necessary for diagnosis. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for childhood schizophrenia typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and social and educational support. Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to manage symptoms. Psychotherapy can help the child learn to manage symptoms and function in daily life. | Treatment for childhood schizophrenia typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and social and educational support. Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to manage symptoms. Psychotherapy can help the child learn to manage symptoms and function in daily life. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for childhood schizophrenia varies. With early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment, some children can lead fulfilling lives. However, many children with the disorder face ongoing challenges with daily functioning and mental health. | The prognosis for childhood schizophrenia varies. With early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment, some children can lead fulfilling lives. However, many children with the disorder face ongoing challenges with daily functioning and mental health. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Schizophrenia]] | * [[Schizophrenia]] | ||
* [[Mental disorder]] | * [[Mental disorder]] | ||
* [[Psychotic disorders]] | * [[Psychotic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Childhood psychiatric disorders]] | [[Category:Childhood psychiatric disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Schizophrenia]] | [[Category:Schizophrenia]] | ||
{{mental-health-stub}} | {{mental-health-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:02, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Childhood schizophrenia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, emotional disturbances |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Typically before age 13 |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic factors, environmental factors |
| Risks | Family history of schizophrenia, prenatal exposure to infections or malnutrition |
| Diagnosis | Based on clinical assessment, DSM-5 criteria |
| Differential diagnosis | Autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Antipsychotic medication, psychotherapy, family therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable; often chronic with periods of remission and relapse |
| Frequency | Rare; estimated 1 in 40,000 children |
| Deaths | N/A |
Childhood Schizophrenia is a rare and severe form of mental disorder that affects children under the age of 13. It is characterized by the same symptoms as adult schizophrenia, including hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking, but occurs at a much earlier age.
Symptoms[edit]
Childhood schizophrenia presents a variety of symptoms, which can be broadly categorized into positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms are those that are "added" to the child's experience. These include hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. Negative symptoms are those that are "taken away" from the child's experience. These include reduced emotional expression, reduced motivation to engage in activities, and reduced speech. Cognitive symptoms involve problems with attention, memory, and executive function.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of childhood schizophrenia is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A family history of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders increases the risk. Prenatal exposure to certain infections, malnutrition, or stressors may also contribute to the development of the disorder.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia is challenging due to the overlap of symptoms with other childhood disorders such as autism and ADHD. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation and medical history are necessary for diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for childhood schizophrenia typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and social and educational support. Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to manage symptoms. Psychotherapy can help the child learn to manage symptoms and function in daily life.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for childhood schizophrenia varies. With early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment, some children can lead fulfilling lives. However, many children with the disorder face ongoing challenges with daily functioning and mental health.
See also[edit]
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