Dermanyssus gallinae: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Dermanyssus gallinae | |||
| image = [[File:Dermanyssus_cfr_gallinae_(5021757436).jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' | |||
| synonyms = Chicken mite, red mite | |||
| field = [[Parasitology]] | |||
| symptoms = Irritation, anemia, decreased egg production | |||
| complications = [[Anemia]], [[Dermatitis]] | |||
| onset = Rapid, within hours of exposure | |||
| duration = Can persist if untreated | |||
| causes = Infestation by ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' | |||
| risks = Poor sanitation, high density of birds | |||
| diagnosis = Visual inspection, microscopic examination | |||
| differential = [[Northern fowl mite]], [[Scaly leg mite]] | |||
| prevention = Regular cleaning, use of acaricides | |||
| treatment = Acaricides, environmental control | |||
| prognosis = Good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common in poultry farms | |||
| deaths = Rare, but can cause significant economic loss | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Naturalis_Biodiversity_Center_-_RMNH.ART.1254_-_Dermanyssus_gallinae_(de_Geer)_-_Mites_-_Collection_Anthonie_Cornelis_Oudemans.jpeg|Dermanyssus gallinae illustration|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Dermanyssus_feeding_skin.png|Dermanyssus feeding on skin|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Dermanyssus gallinae''', commonly known as the poultry red mite or chicken mite, is a species of mite belonging to the family [[Dermanyssidae]]. This ectoparasite primarily affects birds, particularly domestic chickens, where it is a significant pest in poultry production worldwide. It feeds on the blood of its hosts, leading to a range of health issues and economic losses. | '''Dermanyssus gallinae''', commonly known as the poultry red mite or chicken mite, is a species of mite belonging to the family [[Dermanyssidae]]. This ectoparasite primarily affects birds, particularly domestic chickens, where it is a significant pest in poultry production worldwide. It feeds on the blood of its hosts, leading to a range of health issues and economic losses. | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
''Dermanyssus gallinae'' is a small mite, measuring 0.6-0.7 mm in length, with a somewhat oval shape and a light to dark red coloration after feeding. These mites are nocturnal and typically feed on their hosts during the night. During the day, they hide in cracks, crevices, and other sheltered spots within poultry houses. | ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' is a small mite, measuring 0.6-0.7 mm in length, with a somewhat oval shape and a light to dark red coloration after feeding. These mites are nocturnal and typically feed on their hosts during the night. During the day, they hide in cracks, crevices, and other sheltered spots within poultry houses. | ||
==Life Cycle== | ==Life Cycle== | ||
The life cycle of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' consists of five stages: egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and adult. Under optimal conditions, the entire cycle can be completed in as little as 7 days, allowing populations to increase rapidly. The mites are capable of surviving for several months without feeding, making eradication difficult. | The life cycle of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' consists of five stages: egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and adult. Under optimal conditions, the entire cycle can be completed in as little as 7 days, allowing populations to increase rapidly. The mites are capable of surviving for several months without feeding, making eradication difficult. | ||
==Impact on Poultry== | ==Impact on Poultry== | ||
Infestations of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' can lead to a variety of problems in poultry, including irritation, stress, decreased egg production, and in severe cases, anemia and increased mortality. The mites can also act as vectors for several pathogens, further endangering bird health. | Infestations of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' can lead to a variety of problems in poultry, including irritation, stress, decreased egg production, and in severe cases, anemia and increased mortality. The mites can also act as vectors for several pathogens, further endangering bird health. | ||
==Control and Management== | ==Control and Management== | ||
Managing ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' infestations involves a combination of chemical, biological, and physical methods. Regular monitoring, thorough cleaning, and the application of acaricides are common practices. However, resistance to chemical treatments is increasing, highlighting the need for integrated pest management strategies and the development of alternative control methods. | Managing ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' infestations involves a combination of chemical, biological, and physical methods. Regular monitoring, thorough cleaning, and the application of acaricides are common practices. However, resistance to chemical treatments is increasing, highlighting the need for integrated pest management strategies and the development of alternative control methods. | ||
==Public Health Significance== | ==Public Health Significance== | ||
While ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' primarily affects birds, it can also bite humans, causing dermatitis and discomfort. However, these mites do not live on humans or transmit human diseases. | While ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' primarily affects birds, it can also bite humans, causing dermatitis and discomfort. However, these mites do not live on humans or transmit human diseases. | ||
==Research and Future Directions== | ==Research and Future Directions== | ||
Ongoing research aims to better understand the biology and ecology of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'', develop more effective control strategies, and address the challenges of acaricide resistance. Innovations in biological control, such as the use of predatory mites or entomopathogenic fungi, are among the promising areas of study. | Ongoing research aims to better understand the biology and ecology of ''Dermanyssus gallinae'', develop more effective control strategies, and address the challenges of acaricide resistance. Innovations in biological control, such as the use of predatory mites or entomopathogenic fungi, are among the promising areas of study. | ||
[[Category:Arachnids]] | [[Category:Arachnids]] | ||
[[Category:Poultry diseases]] | [[Category:Poultry diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Parasites]] | [[Category:Parasites]] | ||
{{Arachnid-stub}} | {{Arachnid-stub}} | ||
{{Agriculture-stub}} | {{Agriculture-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:17, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Dermanyssus gallinae | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | Chicken mite, red mite |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Irritation, anemia, decreased egg production |
| Complications | Anemia, Dermatitis |
| Onset | Rapid, within hours of exposure |
| Duration | Can persist if untreated |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Infestation by Dermanyssus gallinae |
| Risks | Poor sanitation, high density of birds |
| Diagnosis | Visual inspection, microscopic examination |
| Differential diagnosis | Northern fowl mite, Scaly leg mite |
| Prevention | Regular cleaning, use of acaricides |
| Treatment | Acaricides, environmental control |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common in poultry farms |
| Deaths | Rare, but can cause significant economic loss |
_-_Mites_-_Collection_Anthonie_Cornelis_Oudemans.jpeg)
Dermanyssus gallinae, commonly known as the poultry red mite or chicken mite, is a species of mite belonging to the family Dermanyssidae. This ectoparasite primarily affects birds, particularly domestic chickens, where it is a significant pest in poultry production worldwide. It feeds on the blood of its hosts, leading to a range of health issues and economic losses.
Description[edit]
Dermanyssus gallinae is a small mite, measuring 0.6-0.7 mm in length, with a somewhat oval shape and a light to dark red coloration after feeding. These mites are nocturnal and typically feed on their hosts during the night. During the day, they hide in cracks, crevices, and other sheltered spots within poultry houses.
Life Cycle[edit]
The life cycle of Dermanyssus gallinae consists of five stages: egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and adult. Under optimal conditions, the entire cycle can be completed in as little as 7 days, allowing populations to increase rapidly. The mites are capable of surviving for several months without feeding, making eradication difficult.
Impact on Poultry[edit]
Infestations of Dermanyssus gallinae can lead to a variety of problems in poultry, including irritation, stress, decreased egg production, and in severe cases, anemia and increased mortality. The mites can also act as vectors for several pathogens, further endangering bird health.
Control and Management[edit]
Managing Dermanyssus gallinae infestations involves a combination of chemical, biological, and physical methods. Regular monitoring, thorough cleaning, and the application of acaricides are common practices. However, resistance to chemical treatments is increasing, highlighting the need for integrated pest management strategies and the development of alternative control methods.
Public Health Significance[edit]
While Dermanyssus gallinae primarily affects birds, it can also bite humans, causing dermatitis and discomfort. However, these mites do not live on humans or transmit human diseases.
Research and Future Directions[edit]
Ongoing research aims to better understand the biology and ecology of Dermanyssus gallinae, develop more effective control strategies, and address the challenges of acaricide resistance. Innovations in biological control, such as the use of predatory mites or entomopathogenic fungi, are among the promising areas of study.
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