Contact granuloma: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Contact granuloma | |||
| image = [[File:Sobo_1906_437.png|left|thumb|Illustration of a contact granuloma]] | |||
| caption = Illustration of a contact granuloma | |||
| field = [[Otorhinolaryngology]] | |||
| synonyms = Vocal process granuloma, laryngeal granuloma | |||
| symptoms = [[Hoarseness]], [[throat pain]], [[cough]], sensation of a foreign body in the throat | |||
| complications = [[Airway obstruction]], [[vocal cord paralysis]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Can be chronic | |||
| causes = [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[intubation]], [[vocal abuse]] | |||
| risks = [[Smoking]], [[alcohol consumption]], [[allergies]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Laryngoscopy]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Vocal cord polyp]], [[vocal cord nodule]], [[laryngeal cancer]] | |||
| treatment = [[Voice therapy]], [[proton pump inhibitors]], [[surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[Proton pump inhibitors]], [[corticosteroids]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|A type of laryngeal granuloma}} | {{Short description|A type of laryngeal granuloma}} | ||
'''Contact granuloma''', also known as '''vocal process granuloma''', is a benign [[lesion]] that occurs on the [[vocal cords]] or the [[larynx]]. These lesions are typically found on the posterior third of the vocal cords, near the vocal processes of the [[arytenoid cartilage]]. Contact granulomas are often associated with [[vocal abuse]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] (GERD), or [[intubation]]. | '''Contact granuloma''', also known as '''vocal process granuloma''', is a benign [[lesion]] that occurs on the [[vocal cords]] or the [[larynx]]. These lesions are typically found on the posterior third of the vocal cords, near the vocal processes of the [[arytenoid cartilage]]. Contact granulomas are often associated with [[vocal abuse]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] (GERD), or [[intubation]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Contact granulomas form as a result of chronic irritation or trauma to the vocal processes. The repeated contact and friction between the vocal processes during phonation can lead to inflammation and the formation of granulation tissue. This tissue is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, leading to the development of a granuloma. | Contact granulomas form as a result of chronic irritation or trauma to the vocal processes. The repeated contact and friction between the vocal processes during phonation can lead to inflammation and the formation of granulation tissue. This tissue is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, leading to the development of a granuloma. | ||
===Causes=== | ===Causes=== | ||
* '''Vocal abuse''': Excessive or improper use of the voice, such as shouting or speaking for extended periods, can lead to the formation of contact granulomas. | * '''Vocal abuse''': Excessive or improper use of the voice, such as shouting or speaking for extended periods, can lead to the formation of contact granulomas. | ||
* '''Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)''': Acid reflux can irritate the laryngeal mucosa, contributing to the development of granulomas. | * '''Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)''': Acid reflux can irritate the laryngeal mucosa, contributing to the development of granulomas. | ||
* '''Intubation''': Prolonged or traumatic intubation can cause mechanical irritation to the vocal processes, resulting in granuloma formation. | * '''Intubation''': Prolonged or traumatic intubation can cause mechanical irritation to the vocal processes, resulting in granuloma formation. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Individuals with contact granulomas may experience a variety of symptoms, including: | Individuals with contact granulomas may experience a variety of symptoms, including: | ||
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* Chronic cough | * Chronic cough | ||
* Difficulty swallowing | * Difficulty swallowing | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of contact granuloma is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and laryngoscopy. During laryngoscopy, a flexible or rigid scope is used to visualize the larynx and vocal cords, allowing for the identification of any lesions or abnormalities. | Diagnosis of contact granuloma is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and laryngoscopy. During laryngoscopy, a flexible or rigid scope is used to visualize the larynx and vocal cords, allowing for the identification of any lesions or abnormalities. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment of contact granulomas may involve a combination of medical and surgical approaches: | Treatment of contact granulomas may involve a combination of medical and surgical approaches: | ||
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* '''Medical management''': Addressing underlying conditions such as GERD with medications like proton pump inhibitors. | * '''Medical management''': Addressing underlying conditions such as GERD with medications like proton pump inhibitors. | ||
* '''Surgical intervention''': In cases where conservative measures fail, surgical removal of the granuloma may be necessary. | * '''Surgical intervention''': In cases where conservative measures fail, surgical removal of the granuloma may be necessary. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with contact granulomas is generally good, especially with appropriate treatment. However, recurrence is possible, particularly if the underlying causes are not addressed. | The prognosis for individuals with contact granulomas is generally good, especially with appropriate treatment. However, recurrence is possible, particularly if the underlying causes are not addressed. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Preventive measures include: | Preventive measures include: | ||
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* Managing GERD with lifestyle changes and medications | * Managing GERD with lifestyle changes and medications | ||
* Ensuring careful and atraumatic intubation techniques | * Ensuring careful and atraumatic intubation techniques | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Laryngitis]] | * [[Laryngitis]] | ||
* [[Vocal cord nodules]] | * [[Vocal cord nodules]] | ||
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]] | * [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]] | ||
[[Category:Otorhinolaryngology]] | [[Category:Otorhinolaryngology]] | ||
[[Category:Voice disorders]] | [[Category:Voice disorders]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:15, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Contact granuloma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Vocal process granuloma, laryngeal granuloma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Hoarseness, throat pain, cough, sensation of a foreign body in the throat |
| Complications | Airway obstruction, vocal cord paralysis |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Can be chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Gastroesophageal reflux disease, intubation, vocal abuse |
| Risks | Smoking, alcohol consumption, allergies |
| Diagnosis | Laryngoscopy, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Vocal cord polyp, vocal cord nodule, laryngeal cancer |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Voice therapy, proton pump inhibitors, surgery |
| Medication | Proton pump inhibitors, corticosteroids |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
A type of laryngeal granuloma
Contact granuloma, also known as vocal process granuloma, is a benign lesion that occurs on the vocal cords or the larynx. These lesions are typically found on the posterior third of the vocal cords, near the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilage. Contact granulomas are often associated with vocal abuse, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or intubation.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Contact granulomas form as a result of chronic irritation or trauma to the vocal processes. The repeated contact and friction between the vocal processes during phonation can lead to inflammation and the formation of granulation tissue. This tissue is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, leading to the development of a granuloma.
Causes[edit]
- Vocal abuse: Excessive or improper use of the voice, such as shouting or speaking for extended periods, can lead to the formation of contact granulomas.
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Acid reflux can irritate the laryngeal mucosa, contributing to the development of granulomas.
- Intubation: Prolonged or traumatic intubation can cause mechanical irritation to the vocal processes, resulting in granuloma formation.
Symptoms[edit]
Individuals with contact granulomas may experience a variety of symptoms, including:
- Hoarseness or changes in voice quality
- Throat pain or discomfort
- A sensation of a lump in the throat
- Chronic cough
- Difficulty swallowing
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of contact granuloma is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and laryngoscopy. During laryngoscopy, a flexible or rigid scope is used to visualize the larynx and vocal cords, allowing for the identification of any lesions or abnormalities.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of contact granulomas may involve a combination of medical and surgical approaches:
- Voice therapy: Working with a speech-language pathologist to modify vocal habits and reduce strain on the vocal cords.
- Medical management: Addressing underlying conditions such as GERD with medications like proton pump inhibitors.
- Surgical intervention: In cases where conservative measures fail, surgical removal of the granuloma may be necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with contact granulomas is generally good, especially with appropriate treatment. However, recurrence is possible, particularly if the underlying causes are not addressed.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include:
- Avoiding vocal abuse and maintaining good vocal hygiene
- Managing GERD with lifestyle changes and medications
- Ensuring careful and atraumatic intubation techniques
