Parapsoriasis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|A group of skin disorders with similarities to psoriasis}}
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'''Parapsoriasis''' refers to one of a group of skin disorders that are characterized primarily by their resemblance to [[psoriasis]] (red, scaly lesions), rather than by their underlying cause.


[[Neoplasm]]s can develop from parapsoriasis.<ref name="pmid-17975354">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sehgal VN, Srivastava G, Aggarwal AK |title=Parapsoriasis: a complex issue |journal=Skinmed |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=280–6 |year=2007 |pmid=17975354 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-9740.2007.06490.x}}</ref> For example, it can develop into [[cutaneous T-cell lymphoma]].
'''Parapsoriasis''' is a term used to describe a group of rare skin disorders that resemble [[psoriasis]] but have distinct differences in their clinical presentation and histopathology. These conditions are characterized by scaly patches or plaques on the skin, which can be persistent and may have a potential to progress to more serious conditions, such as [[cutaneous T-cell lymphoma]].


The word "parapsoriasis" was formed in 1902.<ref name=parap81>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lambert WC, Everett MA |title=The nosology of parapsoriasis |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=373–95 |date=Oct 1981 |pmid=7026622 |doi=10.1016/S0190-9622(81)70100-2}}</ref>
==Classification==
Parapsoriasis is generally classified into two main types based on the size and characteristics of the lesions:


==Classification==
===Small-plaque parapsoriasis===
The parapsoriasis groups, described and debated for nearly a century, has spawned a confusing nomenclature. There are some authors who prefer to limit the term "parapsoriasis" to large- and small-plaque variants only.<ref name=parap81/> However, the following classification scheme is now generally accepted:<ref name="Fitz2">Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. {{ISBN|0-07-138076-0}}.</ref>{{rp|450}}
Small-plaque parapsoriasis, also known as "chronic superficial scaly dermatitis," is characterized by small, scaly patches that are usually less than 5 cm in diameter. These patches are often asymptomatic and can persist for many years without significant change. The lesions are typically found on the trunk and proximal extremities.
 
===Large-plaque parapsoriasis===
Large-plaque parapsoriasis is characterized by larger patches or plaques that are greater than 5 cm in diameter. These lesions may have a higher risk of progression to [[mycosis fungoides]], a type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The plaques are often found on the trunk and may be accompanied by itching.


* [[Large-plaque parapsoriasis]]
==Clinical Features==
* [[Small-plaque parapsoriasis]]
The clinical presentation of parapsoriasis can vary, but common features include:
* [[Pityriasis lichenoides]]
** [[Pityriasis lichenoides chronica]]
** [[Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta]]
* [[Lymphomatoid papulosis]]
==Diagnosis==
{{Empty section|date=May 2018}}


== Treatment ==
* Scaly patches or plaques on the skin
* Treatment of small plaque parapsoriasis is unnecessary but can include [[Emollient|emollients]], topical tar preparations or [[corticosteroids]], and/or [[phototherapy]].
* Lesions that are often asymptomatic but may be itchy
* Treatment of large plaque parapsoriasis is [[phototherapy]] or [[topical corticosteroids]].
* Chronic and persistent nature
* Potential for progression to more serious conditions


== See also ==
==Diagnosis==
* [[Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans]]
The diagnosis of parapsoriasis is primarily clinical, supported by histopathological examination of skin biopsies. Key features on biopsy include:
* [[List of cutaneous conditions]]


==References==
* Epidermal hyperplasia
{{reflist}}
* Parakeratosis
* Lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis


== External links ==
Differential diagnosis includes [[psoriasis]], [[eczema]], and other forms of dermatitis.
{{Medical resources
|  DiseasesDB    = 
|  ICD10          = {{ICD10|L|41||l|40}}
|  ICD9          = {{ICD9|696.2}} 
|  ICDO          = 
|  OMIM          = 
|  MedlinePlus    = 
|  eMedicineSubj  = derm
|  eMedicineTopic = 311
|  MeshID        = D010267
}}


==Management==
Management of parapsoriasis involves:


{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}
* Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
{{Papulosquamous disorders}}
* Phototherapy, such as narrowband UVB or PUVA
* Regular monitoring for signs of progression to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma


[[Category:Papulosquamous hyperkeratotic cutaneous conditions]]
==Prognosis==
The prognosis of parapsoriasis varies depending on the type and potential for progression. Small-plaque parapsoriasis generally has a benign course, while large-plaque parapsoriasis requires careful monitoring due to the risk of progression to mycosis fungoides.


==Related pages==
* [[Psoriasis]]
* [[Mycosis fungoides]]
* [[Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma]]


{{Cutaneous-condition-stub}}
[[Category:Dermatology]]
{{No image}}
[[Category:Skin conditions]]

Revision as of 19:13, 22 March 2025

A group of skin disorders with similarities to psoriasis


Parapsoriasis is a term used to describe a group of rare skin disorders that resemble psoriasis but have distinct differences in their clinical presentation and histopathology. These conditions are characterized by scaly patches or plaques on the skin, which can be persistent and may have a potential to progress to more serious conditions, such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Classification

Parapsoriasis is generally classified into two main types based on the size and characteristics of the lesions:

Small-plaque parapsoriasis

Small-plaque parapsoriasis, also known as "chronic superficial scaly dermatitis," is characterized by small, scaly patches that are usually less than 5 cm in diameter. These patches are often asymptomatic and can persist for many years without significant change. The lesions are typically found on the trunk and proximal extremities.

Large-plaque parapsoriasis

Large-plaque parapsoriasis is characterized by larger patches or plaques that are greater than 5 cm in diameter. These lesions may have a higher risk of progression to mycosis fungoides, a type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The plaques are often found on the trunk and may be accompanied by itching.

Clinical Features

The clinical presentation of parapsoriasis can vary, but common features include:

  • Scaly patches or plaques on the skin
  • Lesions that are often asymptomatic but may be itchy
  • Chronic and persistent nature
  • Potential for progression to more serious conditions

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of parapsoriasis is primarily clinical, supported by histopathological examination of skin biopsies. Key features on biopsy include:

  • Epidermal hyperplasia
  • Parakeratosis
  • Lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis

Differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, eczema, and other forms of dermatitis.

Management

Management of parapsoriasis involves:

  • Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
  • Phototherapy, such as narrowband UVB or PUVA
  • Regular monitoring for signs of progression to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Prognosis

The prognosis of parapsoriasis varies depending on the type and potential for progression. Small-plaque parapsoriasis generally has a benign course, while large-plaque parapsoriasis requires careful monitoring due to the risk of progression to mycosis fungoides.

Related pages

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