KLK13

KLK12

KLK12 is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family, which is a group of serine proteases with diverse physiological functions. The KLK12 gene is located on chromosome 19q13.3-13.4, a region that contains a cluster of 15 kallikrein subfamily members. KLK12 is expressed in various tissues and has been implicated in several biological processes, including skin desquamation, semen liquefaction, and cancer progression.

Structure

The KLK12 gene encodes a preproenzyme that undergoes post-translational modifications to become an active enzyme. The mature KLK12 protein consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa. Like other serine proteases, KLK12 contains a catalytic triad composed of histidine, aspartate, and serine residues, which are essential for its enzymatic activity.

Function

KLK12 is involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix components, which is crucial for tissue remodeling and repair. It has been shown to cleave substrates such as fibronectin and laminin, suggesting a role in cell migration and invasion. Additionally, KLK12 may participate in the regulation of inflammatory responses and antimicrobial defense mechanisms.

Clinical Significance

KLK12 expression levels have been studied in various cancers, including breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. Elevated KLK12 expression has been associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in some studies. As a result, KLK12 is being investigated as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Research and Applications

Research on KLK12 is ongoing to better understand its role in health and disease. Potential applications include the development of KLK12 inhibitors as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. Additionally, KLK12 may serve as a target for drug delivery systems in cancer therapy.

Also see

• Kallikrein-related peptidase family
• Serine protease
• Cancer biomarkers
• Chromosome 19 (human)