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| == '''What is Efudex?''' ==
| | #REDIRECT [[Fluorouracil]] |
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| * '''Efudex''' (Fluorouracil (Topical))Topical Solutions and Cream are topical preparations containing the fluorinated pyrimidine 5-[[fluorouracil]], an [[antineoplastic]] [[antimetabolite]].
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| [[File:Fluorouracil.svg|thumb|Fluorouracil]]
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| [[File:Fluorouracil-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png|thumb|Fluorouracil-from-xtal-3D-bs-17]]
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| <youtube>
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| title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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| movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/v=EjqGEaGPgEI
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| </youtube>
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| == '''What are the uses of this medicine?''' ==
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| * '''Efudex''' (Fluorouracil (Topical)) is used for the [[topical]] treatment of multiple [[Actinic keratoses|actinic or solar keratoses]].
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| * In the 5% strength, it is also useful in the treatment of [[Superficial basal cell carcinoma|superficial basal cell carcinomas]].
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| == '''How does this medicine work?''' ==
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| <youtube>
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| title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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| movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v=GWNtWXyPLAU
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| * Efudex '''stops cells from making DNA''' and may kill cancer cells.
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| * It contains the active ingredient [[fluorouracil]].
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| * Efudex is '''a type of [[antimetabolite]]'''.
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| * Fluorouracil is '''believed to block thymidylate synthase and decrease production of thymidylate''', a necessary precursor of DNA.
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| * This action '''interferes with the synthesis of DNA, RNA''' and protein and blocks cell division.
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| * Since DNA and RNA are essential for cell division and growth, the effect of fluorouracil may be to create a thymine deficiency which provokes unbalanced growth and death of the cell.
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| == '''Who Should Not Use this medicine ?''' ==
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| This medicine cannot be used in patients who:
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| * are or may become pregnant during therapy
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| * with known [[hypersensitivity]] to any of its components
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| * with [[Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency|dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase]] (DPD) enzyme deficiency
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| == '''What drug interactions can this medicine cause?''' ==
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| * Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking, especially other topical medications.
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| * Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
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| == '''Is this medicine FDA approved?''' ==
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| * Fluorouracil was patented in 1956 and came into medical use in 1962.
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| == '''How should this medicine be used?''' ==
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| '''Recommended dosage:'''
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| '''Actinic or Solar Keratosis:'''
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| * Apply cream or solution twice daily in an amount sufficient to cover the lesions.
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| * The usual duration of therapy is from 2 to 4 weeks.
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| * Complete healing of the lesions may not be evident for 1 to 2 months following cessation of Efudex therapy.
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| '''Superficial Basal Cell Carcinomas:'''
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| * Only the 5% strength is recommended.
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| * Apply cream or solution twice daily in an amount sufficient to cover the lesions.
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| * Treatment should be continued for at least 3 to 6 weeks.
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| '''Administration:'''
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| * Efudex should be applied preferably with a nonmetal applicator or suitable glove.
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| * If Efudex is applied with the fingers, the hands should be washed immediately afterward.
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| == '''What are the dosage forms and brand names of this medicine?''' ==
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| This medicine is available in fallowing doasage form:
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| * As Topical Solutions and Cream
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| This medicine is available in fallowing brand namesː
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| * '''Efudex'''
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| =='''What side effects can this medication cause?'''==
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| The most common side effects of this medicine include:
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| * burning, crusting, allergic contact [[dermatitis]], [[pruritus]], [[scarring]], rash, [[soreness]], and ulceration
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| * Ulcerations, other local reactions, cases of [[miscarriage]], and a birth defect ([[ventricular septal defect]]) have been reported when Efudex was applied to mucous membrane areas.
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| * [[Leukocytosis]] is the most frequent hematological side effect.
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| ==''' What special precautions should I follow?''' ==
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| * Tell your doctor if you have or have ever had [[Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency|dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) enzyme deficiency]] (a lack of a naturally occurring enzyme in your body).
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| * Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while using fluorouracil , call your doctor immediately. Fluorouracil can harm the fetus.
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| * Plan to avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to sunlight and [[UV light]] (such as tanning booths) and to wear protective clothing, sunglasses, and [[sunscreen]]. Fluorouracil may make your skin sensitive to sunlight.
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| * Rarely, life-threatening toxicities such as [[stomatitis]], [[diarrhea]], [[neutropenia]], and [[neurotoxicity]] have been reported with intravenous administration of fluorouracil in patients with DPD enzyme deficiency.
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| * Fluorouracil, including Efudex may be fatal if ingested by pets. Avoid allowing pets to contact the Efudex container or the skin where Efudex has been applied. Store Efudex out of reach of pets.
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| == '''What to do in case of emergency/overdose?''' ==
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| * {{overdose}}
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| == '''Can this medicine be used in pregnancy?''' ==
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| * Efudex may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.
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| * Efudex is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant during therapy. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while using this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.
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| =='''Can this medicine be used in children?'''==
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| * Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established.
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| == '''What are the active and inactive ingredients in this medicine?''' ==
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| '''Active ingredient:'''
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| * Fluorouracil
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| '''Inactive ingredients include:'''
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| * propylene glycol
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| * Tromethamine
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| * methylparaben
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| * propylparaben
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| * edetate disodium
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| * HYDROXYPROPYL CELLULOSE
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| == '''Who manufactures and distributes this medicine?''' ==
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| '''Distributed by:'''
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| * [[Bausch Health Americas, Inc.|Bausch Health US, LLC]]
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| * Bridgewater, NJ USA
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| '''Manufactured by:'''
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| * [[Mylan Institutional Inc]].
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| * Sugar Land, TX USA
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| * Efudex is a trademark of Bausch Health Companies Inc. or its affiliates.
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| == '''What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?''' ==
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| * Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).
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| {{coststubd}}
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| {{Chemotherapeutic agents}}
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| {{Portal bar | Medicine}}
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| [[Category:Fluoropyrimidines]]
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| [[Category:Nucleobases]]
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| [[Category:Organofluorides]]
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| [[Category:Pyrimidine antagonists]]
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| [[Category:Pyrimidinediones]]
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| [[Category:Thymidylate synthase inhibitors]]
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| [[Category:Uracil derivatives]]
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